Table 2.
Malnutrition hospitalizations and unadjusted outcomes by year.
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (SE) | % | n (SE) | % | n (SE) | % | n (SE) | % | Slope | p | |
| All hospitalizations | 16,104,991 (151,383) | – | 16,642,934(158,882) | – | 16,754,264 (159,836) | – | 16,763,695 (164,807) | – | – | – |
| Deaths | 451,405 (5524) | 2.8 | 456,235 (5698) | 2.74 | 452,105 (5601) | 2.7 | 455,790 (5978) | 2.72 | −0.028 | .163 |
| Peg tube use | 78,900 (1405) | 0.49 | 78,865 (1376) | 0.47 | 76,805 (1324) | 0.46 | 77,690 (1381) | 0.46 | −0.01 | .0871 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 602,675 (7701) | 3.74 | 576,240 (7246) | 3.46 | 594,500 (7408) | 3.55 | 616,760 (7844) | 3.68 | −0.009 | .908 |
| Length of stay (LOS) | 4.64 (0.02) | – | 4.62 (0.02) | – | 4.64 (0.02) | – | 4.69 (0.02) | – | 0.017 | .265 |
| Malnutrition hospitalizations | 1,069,600 (17552) | 6.64 | 1,273,385 (20943) | 7.65 | 1,365,160 (22113) | 8.15 | 1,433,215 (23343) | 8.55 | 0.62 | .0252 |
| Severe malnutrition | 528,500 (9116) | 3.28 | 654,145 (11175) | 3.93 | 730,355 (12066) | 4.36 | 791,285 (13246) | 4.72 | 0.475 | .0098 |
| Deaths | 53,035 (1086) | 10.04 | 62,110 (1205) | 9.49 | 65,055 (1205) | 8.9 | 69,425 (1285) | 8.77 | −0.44 | .028 |
| Peg tube use | 17,995 (453.6) | 3.4 | 21,905 (539.7) | 3.35 | 23,825 (553.0) | 3.26 | 25,820 (632.3) | 3.26 | −0.05 | .052 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 42,015 (961.9) | 7.95 | 46,625 (1008) | 7.13 | 49,605 (1030) | 6.79 | 54,400 (1117) | 6.87 | −0.36 | .128 |
| LOS: severe malnutrition | 7.67 (0.06) | – | 7.54 (0.05) | – | 7.51 (0.05) | – | 7.58 (0.05) | – | −0.03 | .443 |
| Nonsevere malnutrition | 541,100 (10497) | 3.36 | 619,240 (12421) | 3.72 | 634,805 (13174) | 3.79 | 641,930 (13375) | 3.83 | 0.148 | .111 |
| Deaths | 33,100 (721.3) | 6.12 | 34,340 (746.9) | 5.55 | 33,045 (753.2) | 5.21 | 33,400 (764.7) | 5.2 | −0.26 | .073 |
| Peg tube use | 17,415 (448.0) | 3.22 | 16,725 (433.8) | 2.7 | 16,020 (417.2) | 2.52 | 15,510 (404.6) | 2.42 | −0.41 | .065 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 43,190 (1113) | 7.98 | 42,770 (1029) | 6.91 | 41,830 (1051) | 6.59 | 43,045 (1087) | 6.71 | −0.05 | .161 |
| LOS: nonsevere malnutrition | 7.44 (0.07) | – | 7.14 (0.06) | – | 7.12 (0.06) | – | 7.27 (0.06) | – | −0.053 | .536 |
| No malnutrition | 15,035,392 (136,204) | 93.36 | 15,369,549 (138,939) | 92.35 | 15,389,103 (140,291) | 91.85 | 15,330,479 (143,700) | 91.45 | −0.62 | .03 |
| Deaths | 365,270 (4493) | 2.43 | 359,785 (4592) | 2.34 | 354,005 (4572) | 2.3 | 352,965 (4895) | 2.3 | −0.04 | .09 |
| Peg tube use | 43,490 (920.9) | 0.29 | 40,235 (850.4) | 0.26 | 36,960 (771.2) | 0.24 | 36,360 (787.2) | 0.24 | −0.02 | .07 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 517,470 (6687) | 3.44 | 505,705 (6548) | 3.29 | 503,065 (6454) | 3.27 | 519,315 (6842) | 3.39 | −0.02 | .73 |
| LOS: nonsevere malnutrition | 4.43 (0.02) | – | 4.40 (0.02) | – | 4.40 (0.02) | – | 4.43 (0.02) | – | 0 | 1 |
Abbreviation: SE, standard deviation.