Table 1.
Sample characteristics overall and stratified by racial segregation
| Characteristic | Predominantly White Social Environments |
P Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall |
Past |
P Value | Current |
||||
|
n = 546 |
0/1 |
2+ |
0/1 |
2+ |
|||
|
n = 311 |
n = 235 |
n = 372 |
n = 174 |
||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||||
| Age (n = 523) | 50.8 (11.5) | 51.4 (11.8) | 50.1 (11.1) | .18 | 51.0 (11.8) | 50.4 (10.7) | .58 |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||||
| Sex (n = 531) | .79 | .14 | |||||
| Female | 350 (65.9) | 199 (66.6) | 151 (65.1) | 244 (68.2) | 106 (61.3) | ||
| Male | 181 (34.1) | 100 (33.4) | 81 (34.9) | 114 (31.8) | 67 (38.7) | ||
| Race/ethnicity (n = 510) | < .001a | < .001a | |||||
| non-Hispanic White | 175 (34.3) | 27 (9.4) | 148 (66.1) | 69 (19.9) | 106 (65.0) | ||
| Black (including multi-racial) | 335 (65.7) | 259 (90.6) | 76 (33.9) | 278 (80.1) | 57 (35.0) | ||
| Educational attainment (n = 519) | < .001a | .09 | |||||
| Less than high school | 86 (16.6) | 58 (20.0) | 28 (12.2) | 62 (17.8) | 24 (14.1) | ||
| High school diploma or GED | 194 (37.4) | 123 (42.4) | 71 (31.0) | 138 (39.5) | 56 (32.9) | ||
| Some college or higher | 239 (46.1) | 109 (37.6) | 130 (56.8) | 149 (42.7) | 90 (52.9) | ||
| Household income (n = 482) | .044a | .013a | |||||
| Less than $20,000 | 347 (72.0) | 204 (75.8) | 143 (67.1) | 248 (75.6) | 99 (64.3) | ||
| $20,000 or more | 135 (28.0) | 65 (24.2) | 70 (32.9) | 80 (24.4) | 55 (35.7) | ||
| Urban status (n = 546) | .011a | < .001a | |||||
| St. Louis City | 248 (45.4) | 156 (50.2) | 92 (39.1) | 188 (50.5) | 60 (34.5) | ||
| St. Louis County | 170 (31.1) | 95 (30.5) | 75 (31.9) | 123 (33.1) | 47 (27.0) | ||
| Other | 128 (23.4) | 60 (19.3) | 68 (28.9) | 61 (16.4) | 67 (38.5) | ||
| Limited health literacy (n = 546) | 243 (44.5) | 173 (55.6) | 70 (29.8) | < .001a | 187 (50.3) | 56 (32.2) | < .001a |
| Personal history of | |||||||
| Hypertension (n = 440) | 293 (66.6) | 175 (72.3) | 118 (59.6) | .007a | 207 (70.2) | 86 (59.3) | .031a |
| Diabetes (n = 437) | 166 (38.0) | 103 (42.9) | 63 (32.0) | .025a | 112 (38.2) | 54 (37.5) | 0.97 |
| Cancer (n = 435) | 50 (11.5) | 29 (12.1) | 21 (10.8) | 0.78 | 27 (9.3) | 23 (16.0) | 0.06 |
| Heart disease (n = 437) | 84 (19.2) | 54 (22.5) | 30 (15.2) | 0.07 | 66 (22.5) | 18 (12.5) | .018a |
P value by t test or χ2 test.
GED, general equivalency diploma; SD, standard deviation.
a
P < .05