| SBS |
• Mesenteric infarction (arterial or venous thrombosis) |
| • Crohn’s disease |
| • Radiation enteritis |
| • Surgical complications |
| • Intestinal volvulus |
| • Familial polyposis |
| • Abdominal trauma |
| • Intestinal angiomatosis |
| • Necrotizing enterocolitis |
| • Complicated intussusception |
| • Congenital malformations |
| Intestinal fistula |
• Inflammatory: Crohn’s disease, diverticular disease, pancreatic disease, and radiation enteritis |
| • Neoplastic: colon, ovarian and small bowel malignancies |
| • Iatrogenic: operation and percutaneous drainage |
| • Infectious disease: tuberculosis and actinomycosis |
| • Trauma |
| • Foreign body |
| Intestinal dysmotility |
• Acute: postoperative, systemic inflammatory or neurological reaction associated with critical illnesses; Ogilvie syndrome |
| • Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction |
| Mechanical obstruction |
• Obstruction (polypoid tumors, intussusception, gallstones, foreign bodies, bezoars, feces) |
| • Intrinsic bowel lesions (stenosis or strictures: neoplastic, inflammatory bowel disease, chemical, anastomotic) |
| • Extrinsic lesions (abdominal adhesions: previous surgery, previous peritonitis, frozen abdomen; hernias; neoplasia: desmoid tumors, peritoneal carcinomatosis; volvulus; congenital bands) |
| Extensive small bowel mucosa disease |
• Autoimmune enteropathy |
| • Intestinal lymphangiectasia |
| • Protein-losing enteropathies |
| • Common variable immunodeficiency |
| • Crohn’s disease |
| • Celiac disease |
| • Radiation enteritis |
| • Chemotherapy-related enteritis |
