Figure 2.

Comparing the total phenolic content (TPC; mg gallic acid equivalent/ml) of red ginseng, raw parsnip and aged parsnips. Normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the data did not follow a normal distribution. Therefore, significance was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. Results are shown as means ± standard deviations (n = 3). **p < 0.01 (vs. Raw Parsnip). AP 10D, Aged parsnip over 10 days; AP 20D, Aged parsnip over 20 days; AP 30D, Aged parsnip over 30 days; GAE, Gallic acid equivalent; TPC, Total phenolic content.