Fig. 3.

The compression test and functional characteristic test of NiTi alloy porous scaffolds. A: The X-ray diffraction (XRD) curves of various NiTi porous scaffolds, with XRD measurements conducted at a room temperature of 26 °C. B: The phase transformation process during the heating and cooling of the different NiTi porous scaffolds. C: The linear expansion rates of NiTi-O and TC4-O. D: The mechanical properties of different porous scaffolds (elasticity modulus). E–G: The thermomechanical curves, with all three sets of curves demonstrating the superelasticity and shape memory effects of NiTi-C (E), NiTi-O (F), and NiTi-T (G) porous scaffolds, respectively. These effects are attributed to the test temperature being within the phase transition temperature range for NiTi alloys. The η in the figures display the heat recovery rates for each test.