Table 4.

Comparison between HIC, LMIC and Africa in terms of GBS epidemiology, clinical features and treatment [15].

Epidemiology
High‐Income Countries (HIC): GBS is relatively well‐documented in HICs, where comprehensive healthcare systems often contribute to better surveillance and reporting. In HICs, incidence rates of GBS vary but are generally estimated to be around 1‐2 cases per 100,000 individuals per year. Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries	Lower‐Middle Income Countries (LMIC): Epidemiological data in LMICs may be less reliable due to challenges in healthcare infrastructure, underreporting, and varying access to medical care. Incidence rates may be lower or less accurately documented compared to HICs.	Africa: GBS epidemiology in Africa is not as extensively studied as in some HICs, and data may be limited in certain regions. Challenges such as underreporting, varying healthcare access, and differences in infectious disease prevalence may impact the incidence and understanding of GBS.
Clinical Features
High‐Income Countries (HIC): GBS typically presents with acute onset of symmetric weakness and can progress rapidly. Common preceding infections include Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein‐Barr virus.	Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries (LMIC): Clinical features in LMICs may be influenced by the prevalence of infectious diseases specific to those regions, potentially impacting the spectrum of preceding infections.	Africa: Similar clinical features are expected in Africa, with variations influenced by regional infectious disease patterns. Limited healthcare access may contribute to delayed presentation and diagnosis.
Treatment
High‐Income Countries (HIC): Treatment often involves either Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) or Plasmapheresis (PE). HICs generally have more resources for timely diagnosis and access to these treatments.	Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries (LMIC): Affordability and accessibility are challenges in LMICs, and some patients may face difficulties in receiving IVIG or PE due to high costs.	Africa: Similar challenges to LMICs may exist in Africa, with a subset of patients potentially struggling with the cost and availability of immunotherapy. Treatment accessibility may vary within the continent based on healthcare infrastructure and economic disparities.