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. 2024 Nov 19;11:1395420. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1395420

Table 4.

A comprehensive approach to evaluation of patients with PCC.

Diagnostic testing in patients with PCC
Step Action
Step 1 – Initial assessment. 1. Perform a thorough past medical history, social history, family history, 10-system review of systems, and symptoms at the time of initially confirmed COVID-19, persisting or recurring symptoms, current symptoms, prior diagnostic tests, and conduct a detailed physical examination.
2. Perform vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse oximetry) in the supine, sitting, and standing positions.
3. Perform a complete blood count, a basic metabolic panel, a thyroid function panel, and a liver function test.
Step 2 - Based on the overall findings from step 1 and a moderate-to-high clinical index of suspicion, the following diagnostic tests should be considered based on the organ system that is involved. Cardiac testing: Electrocardiogram, Holter monitor (14-day or 30-day event monitor), Echocardiogram, cardiopulmonary exercise test.
Pulmonary testing: Chest X-ray (posteroanterior, lateral), 6-min walk test, CT chest, PFT (spirometry, volumes, and DLCO) with bronchodilator.
Vascular testing: Venous duplex scan, ABI, CTPA, CT angiogram aorta (ascending and transverse-thoracic aorta).
Neurologic testing: CT/CTA and or MRI/MRA brain, neck and spine, tilt table test, neurocognitive testing, electroencephalogram.
Rheumatological testing: ANA panel, CRP, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant
Step 3- Based on the findings from tests performed in step 2, refer patient to specialist or sub-specialist. Specialist or subspecialist evaluation, diagnostic testing, and treatment.
Step 4- Consider candidacy for ongoing clinical trials in the RECOVER initiative. On-site research team or contact with the geographically closest clinical trial participating site.