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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 4.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet Neurol. 2024 Feb;23(2):168–177. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00414-3

Table 2.

Comparison of the demographic and clinical characteristics of amyloid-positive and amyloid-negative patients

Npatients Nsites Estimate [95%CI] p Marginal means [95%CI]
Aβ-negative Aβ-positive

Age at symptom onset 644 28 −1.322 [−3.130, 0.477] 0.15 60.4 [58.4, 62.4] 59.1 [57.8, 60.4]
Age at diagnosis 671 30 −1.415 [−3.18, 0.348] 0.12 63.9 [62.0, 65.8] 62.5 [61.4, 63.6]
MMSE at diagnosis 596 28 −0.059 [−1.350, 1.290] 0.93 20.8 [19.5, 22.2] 20.7 [19.9, 21.6]
CDR at diagnosis (%CDR≥1) 413 21 0.118 [−0.573, 0.818] 0.74 61% [42, 77] 58% [46, 70]
Sex (% Women) 689 30 0.406 [−0.058, 0.867] 0.085 53% [42, 63] 63% [59, 67]
APOE (% e4 carriers) 342 22 0.089 [−0.639, 0.818] 0.81 45% [29, 62] 47.5% [40, 55]
PCA diagnosis (% PCA pure) 625 29 1.506 [0.769, 2.26] <0.0001 81% [56, 94] 95% [86, 98]
MRI (% posterior atrophy) 543 27 0.226 [−0.605, 1.060] 0.59 92% [78, 97] 94% [85, 97]
FDG-PET (% post. hypometabolism) 324 22 0.578 [−0.896, 2.05] 0.44 97% [84, 99] 98% [94, 99]

For each variable, a separate linear mixed model (continuous outcomes) or generalized mixed effect model (binary outcomes) was run, using amyloid status as a fixed effect and site as a random effect. Estimate 95%CI were obtained using the likelihood profile method. Number of participants and sites with available data varies from one variable to the other. Aβ-positive patients included those who received a positive result on CSFAβ42 and/or amyloid-PET, and Aβ-negative patients received negative results from CSF or PET. This sample included 390 with CSF only, 153 with PET only, and 146 with both; in this subgroup 27 patients had discrepant results (3 CSF+/PET-, 24 CSF-/PET+) and were included in the amyloid-positive group.