Extended Data Fig. 5. Time series and mass-defect plots for CI-APi-TOF data before and during NPF events of RF 19.
a, Time series of the most prominent mononitrates and dinitrates C5H11O4(ONO2) and C5H10O2(ONO2)2, representative IP0N compound C5H12O6 and MSA. b, Signals strongly shift between an air parcel that is not influenced by the fresh convection (which contains larger amounts of pre-existing particles that probably contribute to the MSA signal owing to particle evaporation in the inlet) and signals during the first (c) and second (d) encounters of the strong NPF event (T4 and T5). High concentrations of the mononitrates and dinitrates are rapidly forming.