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. 2024 Dec 4;14:30247. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81298-x

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Evaluation of mitochondrial functionality in PBMC of controls and patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Panel A) shows the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) measured through the Seahorse XF Cell Mito Stress Test. Panel B) shows maximal respiration. Panel C) shows the spare respiratory capacity (as expressed in %) and panel D) the distribution of the BHI. Light grey line and bars represent the control group (n = 20), and dark grey line and bars represent patients with FMS (n = 50). Yellow dots represent patients with FSS score < 20, while red dots represent patients with FSS score ≥ 20. Results are expressed as median (Q1, Q3). Differences between groups were assessed by Mann–Whitney U test, *p < 0.05. AA, Antimycin A; BHI, Bioenergetic Health Index; FCCP Carbonyl cyanide-4 (trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone; FMS, Fibromyalgia patients; FSS, Fibromyalgia Severity Score; OCR, Oxygen Consumption Rate; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Rot, rotenone.