Table 2.
Characteristics of lean NAFLD and obese NAFLD
| Lean NAFLD | Obese NAFLD | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N, % | 86 | 2417 | – |
| Age (Years) | 62.72 ± 12.26 | 55.26 ± 16.05 | < 0.001 |
| Gender (n, %) | 0.843 | ||
| Male | 46 (53.50%) | 1252 (51.80%) | |
| Female | 40 (46.50%) | 1165 (48.20%) | |
| Race (n, %) | < 0.001 | ||
| Mexican American | 12 (14.00%) | 368 (15.20%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 30 (34.90%) | 172 (7.10%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 6 (7.00%) | 493 (20.40%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 29 (33.70%) | 1055 (43.60) | |
| Other Hispanic | 8 (9.30%) | 231 (9.60%) | |
| Other Races | 1 (1.20%) | 98 (4.10%) | |
| Edu (n, %) | 0.991 | ||
| Below college | 39 (45.30%) | 1080 (44.70%) | |
| College and above | 47 (54.70%) | 1337 (55.30%) | |
| PIR | 2.73 ± 1.56 | 2.46 ± 1.58 | 0.110 |
| BMI (kg/mˆ2) | 23.90 [23.22,24.58] | 32.90 [29.90,37.40] | < 0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.54 [0.53,0.58] | 0.67 [0.62,0.72] | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmhg) | 129.67 ± 16.90 | 128.32 ± 17.81 | 0.488 |
| DBP (mmhg) | 65.74 ± 18.42 | 71.71 ± 13.19 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 193.73 ± 45.32 | 189.21 ± 42.10 | 0.329 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 151.94 ± 73.17 | 149.92 ± 117.21 | 0.874 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 51.43 ± 12.86 | 47.07 ± 11.78 | 0.001 |
| ALB (g/dl) | 4.20 ± 0.38 | 4.11 ± 0.33 | 0.007 |
| ALT (U/L) | 29.20 ± 20.83 | 26.42 ± 17.20 | 0.144 |
| AST (U/L) | 26.29 ± 11.78 | 24.57 ± 26.14 | 0.548 |
| GGT (U/L) | 67.09 ± 70.58 | 34.39 ± 39.05 | < 0.001 |
| Smoking_status | 0.202 | ||
| Never smoker | 36 (47.40%) | 1098 (56.80%) | |
| Former smoker | 26 (34.20%) | 585 (30.30%) | |
| Current smoker | 14 (18.40%) | 250 (12.90%) | |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 0.828 | ||
| Yes | 50 (58.10%) | 1448 (59.90%) | |
| No | 36 (41.90%) | 969 (40.10%) | |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 0.031 | ||
| Yes | 42 (48.80%) | 890 (36.80%) | |
| No | 44 (51.20%) | 1527 (63.20%) | |
| Advanced liver fibrosis (n, %) | 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 8 (9.50%) | 648 (26.80%) | |
| No | 76 (90.50%) | 1766 (73.20%) | |
| DII | 1.75 [−0.43,2.98] | 1.74 [0.23,3.12] | 0.471 |
| Quartiles of DII (n, %) | 0.253 | ||
| Q1 | 24 (27.90%) | 508 (21.00%) | |
| Q2 | 15 (17.40%) | 602 (24.90%) | |
| Q3 | 24 (27.90%) | 611 (25.30%) | |
| Q4 | 23 (26.70%) | 696 (28.80%) | |
Abbreviations: NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Lean NAFLD Individuals diagnosed with NAFLD and with a BMI ≤ 25.00 kg/mˆ2, Obese NAFLD Individuals diagnosed with NAFLD and with a BMI > 25.00 kg/mˆ2, Advanced_fibrosis patients were grouped according to whether they were defined as advanced liver fibrosis or not, BMI body mass index. Edu educational level, PIR ratio of family income to poverty, WHtR ratio of waist circumference to standing height, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALB Albumin, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate transaminase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, PLT platelet count(1000cells/μl). Smoking_status: participants were grouped by smoking status acquired by questionnaire