Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Dec 4;25:1179. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-11107-2

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — Structural differences in the cuticle of WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos at the head pigmentation stage. A TEM images of the cross sections of WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos at the head pigmentation stage (168 h post oviposition). The upper part of the figure shows the crosscut position of the embryo, along with a TEM image of the entire associated transverse section (original images are presented in Supplementary Figure S2A). The cyan plane represents the cut position, which is consistent in both WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos, and located roughly in the second segment of the abdomen. EP: epidermis. MG: midgut. EC: epidermal cell. N: nucleus. The yellow lines, which are perpendicular to the tangent lines along the cuticle, represent the thickness of the cuticle at 20 randomly selected regions. B Comparison of the thickness of the WT and Bmlark^−/− cuticle in the epidermis of the abdomen. The length of yellow lines at 20 different regions per individual in Figure (A) were calculated using Nano Measurer 1.2 software, and represent the thickness of the cuticles in the epidermis of WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos. Student’s t test was used to evaluate statistical significance. Results are presented as the mean ± SE. ***p ≤ 0.001. C Chitin content of WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos 168 and 180 h post oviposition. The ordinate represents the mass of chitin per gram of embryonic tissues. Student’s t test was used to evaluate statistical significance. Results are presented as the mean ± SE of three biological replicates. **p ≤ 0.01; ns: no significance, p > 0.05. D Chitin staining of the sagittal sections of the WT and Bmlark^−/− mutant embryos at 180 h post oviposition. The white lines divide different parts of the body. Chitin was stained blue with fluorescent brightener 28. TL: thoracic leg. (E) HE stained images of the sagittal sections of the WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos at 180 h post oviposition. The arrows indicate the head cuticle. The black dotted linesdivided different parts of the body. MG: midgut. EP: epidermis. TL: thoracic leg. Enlarged original images of the head of WT and Bmlark^−/− embryos are presented in Supplementary Figure S2B