Fig.2. Association between LDL-C and CVE in the non-linear models.

Partial estimates and 95% confidence intervals for LDL-C expressed as an exponential form in (A) a Cox proportional hazard model with splines and (B) piece-wise exponential additive mixed model with splines. Both models were adjusted for the age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, use of anti-platelet drugs, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein. CVE = cardiovascular event; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.