Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | Overall | SPP | ABI | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N= 258 |
T1 n= 86 |
T2 n= 89 |
T3 n= 83 |
T1 n= 87 |
T2 n= 89 |
T3 n= 82 |
|
| SPP, mmHg | 72.9 (18.2) | 52.8 (11.2) | 74.7 (4.1) | 91.9 (10.0) | 61.5 (17.0) | 74.6 (15.7) | 83.2 (15.1) |
| ABI | 1.13 (0.99, 1.20) | 1.00 (0.73, 1.12) | 1.12 (1.04, 1.18) | 1.19 (1.13, 1.23) | 0.90 (0.71, 0.99) | 1.13 (1.09, 1.16) | 1.23 (1.20, 1.29) |
| Age, years | 70.8 (62.3, 76.0) | 73.4 (63.3, 77.9) | 68.8 (63.1, 73.7) | 68.2 (59.9, 75.8) | 71.6 (63.5, 77.8) | 71.2 (59.6, 75.8) | 68.1 (61.3, 73.7) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 165 (64.0%) | 55 (64.0%) | 58 (65.2%) | 52 (62.7%) | 59 (67.8%) | 49 (55.1%) | 57 (69.5%) |
| Duration of dialysis, years | 1.8 (0.1, 5.7) | 2.7 (0.2, 6.8) | 1.9 (0.2, 5.6) | 0.8 (0.1, 4.6) | 2.6 (0.1, 7.9) | 1.5 (0.1, 5.3) | 1.7 (0.1, 4.1) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.9 (19.9, 24.5) | 21.4 (19.6, 24.0) | 22.6 (20.8, 25.9) | 21.7 (19.6, 24.1) | 21.7 (20.1, 24.8) | 21.9 (19.7, 24.3) | 22.2 (19.9, 24.9) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 158 (25) | 152 (28) | 160 (26) | 161 (20) | 158 (28) | 156 (21) | 158 (27) |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 34 (13.2%) | 13 (15.1%) | 7 ( 7.9%) | 14 (16.9%) | 8 ( 9.2%) | 13 (14.6%) | 13 (15.9%) |
| Prior history of | |||||||
| Any AVE, n (%) | 80 (31.0%) | 35 (40.7%) | 27 (30.3%) | 18 (21.7%) | 36 (41.4%) | 26 (29.2%) | 18 (22.0%) |
| CAD, n (%) | 35 (13.6%) | 19 (22.1%) | 10 (11.2%) | 6 ( 7.2%) | 20 (23.0%) | 什（12.4%) | 4 ( 4.9%) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 51 (19.8%) | 17 (19.8%) | 20 (22.5%) | 14 (16.9%) | 18 (20.7%) | 19 (21.3%) | 14 (17.1%) |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 121 (46.9%) | 45 (52.3%) | 43 (48.3%) | 33 (39.8%) | 52 (59.8%) | 35 (39.3%) | 34 (41.5%) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 167 (64.7%) | 44 (51.2%) | 60 (67.4%) | 63 (75.9%) | 57 (65.5%) | 57 (64.0%) | 53 (64.6%) |
| Laboratory data | |||||||
| Urea nitrogen, mg/dl | 59.8 (13.7) | 58.9 (13.2) | 57.9 (13.4) | 62.9 (14.1) | 59.3 (13.3) | 58.9 (13.8) | 61.5 (13.9) |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 9.7 (2.7) | 9.3 (2.6) | 9.9 (2.5) | 9.8 (2.9) | 9.7 (2.6) | 9.6 (2.6) | 9.9 (2.8) |
| Albumin, g/dl | 3.7 (3.4, 4.0) | 3.7 (3.4, 3.9) | 3.7 (3.5, 4.0) | 3.7 (3.4, 3.9) | 3.6 (3.3, 4.0) | 3.7 (3.5, 4.0) | 3.7 (3.5, 3.9) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dl | 0.13 (0.05, 0.47) | 0.19 (0.07, 0.63) | 0.13 (0.05, 0.41) | 0.07 (0.04, 0.35) | 0.18 (0.07 , 0.57) | 0.13 (0.06, 0.54) | 0.08 (0.04, 0.21) |
| Albumin-adjusted Ca, mg/dl | 9.0 (0.6) | 9.0 (0.7) | 9.0 (0.6) | 8.9 (0.6) | 9.0 (0.7) | 9.0 (0.6) | 8.9 (0.6) |
| Phosphate, mg/dl | 5.1 (1.3) | 4.9 (1.3) | 5.1 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.4) | 5.1 (1.3) | 4.9 (1.3) | 5.3 (1.3) |
| Intact PTH, pg/ml | 206 (132, 289) | 222 (135, 284) | 199 (132, 258) | 198 (130, 316) | 199 (129, 250) | 198 (132, 289) | 231 (133, 318) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 10.4 (0.8) | 10.3 (0.8) | 10.5 (0.8) | 10.4 (0.9) | 10.4 (0.8) | 10.5 (0.8) | 10.3 (0.8) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 156 (135, 178) | 146 (129, 169) | 161 (139, 181) | 159 (140, 190) | 151 (126, 174) | 156 (133, 176) | 159 (145, 190) |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 50 (40, 60) | 48 (40, 58) | 48 (38, 59) | 56 (42, 65) | 46 (38, 58) | 50 (40, 60) | 50 (40, 63) |
Values for continuous data are given as mean±standard deviation or median (25-75th interquartile range) and those for categorical data, as count (percentage). The cut-off points for tertile divisions were 67 mmHg and 81 mmHg for SPP and 1.06 and 1.18 for ABI.
SPP, skin perfussion pressure; ABI, ankle-brachial index; Tl, 1st tertile; T2, 2nd tertile; T3, 3rd tertile; N, number of all patients; n, number of patients in each specific group; AVE, atherosclerotic vascular event; CAD, coronary artery disease; Ca, calcium; PTH, parathyroid hormone; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.