Table 2.

Risk factors for MRONJ.

Risk factors	Contents
Medication-related factors	Type of drugs: anti-resorptive medications, anti-angiogenic medications, immunosuppressants, targeted drugs, etc.
	Routes of administration: intravenous injection, oral administration, subcutaneous injection
	Duration of medication usage
	Cumulative usage
Oral-related factors	Dental treatment history: tooth extraction, dental implant surgery, periodontal surgery
	Dental trauma, defective prosthesis
	Odontogenic infection
	Poor oral hygiene environment
Systemic factors	Gender, age
	Primary diseases: multiple myeloma, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, osteoporosis
	Other treatments: chemotherapy
	Poor lifestyle: smoking, obesity, malnutrition
	Other systemic diseases: diabetes mellitus, hyperparathyroidism, chronic kidney
	diseases, vitamin D deficiency, low calcium