TABLE 3.

Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models for risk of progression independent of relapse activity.

Factor	HR	95% CI	p
PRLs (per lesion)	1.24	1.17–1.32	<0.001
≥4 PRLs	5.75	4.12–8.03	<0.001
aLpRNFL (per %/year)	1.44	1.34–1.56	<0.001
aLpRNFL ≥ 1.0%/year	2.59	2.07–3.24	<0.001
aLpRNFL ≥ 1.0%/year and ≥4 PRLs	4.70	3.51–6.29	<0.001
aLGCIPL (per %/year)	1.61	1.47–1.77	<0.001
aLGCIPL ≥ 1.0%/year	2.01	1.60–2.53	<0.001
aLGCIPL ≥ 1.0%/year and ≥4 PRLs	8.06	6.11–10.64	<0.001
Age (per year)	1.05	1.04–1.07	<0.001
Sex	0.88	0.68–1.14	0.320
Disease duration (per year)	1.08	1.05–1.10	<0.001
EDSS at baseline (per point)	1.14	1.02–1.29	0.025
DMT group (reference: no DMT)
M‐DMT	0.92	0.56–1.54	0.760
H‐DMT	2.54	1.60–4.03	<0.001
T2 lesion count (per lesion)	1.02	1.02–1.03	<0.001
Visual pathway lesion count (per lesion)	1.16	1.12–1.21	<0.001

Note: Bold values denote a significant association between PRLs, inner retinal layer thinning and increased likelihood of PIRA, along with other covariates included in the model.

Abbreviations: aLGCIPL, annualized loss of ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer; aLpRNFL, annualized loss of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; CI, confidence interval; DMT, disease‐modifying therapy; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; H‐DMT, highly effective DMT; HR, hazard ratio; M‐DMT, moderately effective DMT; PRL, paramagnetic rim lesion.