Table 3.
Multivariable analysis of baseline characteristics associated with auditory TOVA*
| Auditory TOVA mean response time z-scores |
Auditory TOVA response time variability z-scores |
Auditory TOVA commission errors z-scores (inhibition/impulsivity) |
Auditory TOVA omission errors z-scores (sustained attention/inattention) |
Auditory TOVA D-prime z-scores (ability to differentiate between target and non-target stimuli) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Variable
|
Adjusted β (95% CI)
|
FDR-adjusted P-value
|
Adjusted β (95% CI)
|
FDR-adjusted P-value
|
Adjusted β (95% CI)
|
FDR-adjusted P-value
|
Adjusted β (95% CI)
|
FDR-adjusted P-value
|
Adjusted β (95% CI)
|
FDR-adjusted P-value
|
| Study group |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
|
Intervention
|
0.40 (0.15, 0.66) |
0.008 |
0.61 (0.27, 0.96) |
<0.001 |
0.99 (0.25, 1.74) |
0.02 |
1.28 (0.67, 1.89) |
<0.001 |
0.54 (0.25, 0.83) |
<0.001 |
| Child sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
ref |
|
|
Female
|
−0.18 (−0.42, 0.07) |
0.20 |
−0.17 (−0.38, 0.04) |
0.23 |
−1.38 (−1.84, −0.92) |
<0.001 |
−0.28 (−0.66, 0.11) |
0.191 |
0.01 (−0.14, 0.16) |
0.88 |
| Age in months |
0.16 (0.02, 0.30) |
0.04 |
0.059 (−0.06, 0.18) |
0.49 |
−0.04 (−0.31,023) |
0.78 |
0.23 (0.01, 0.45) |
0.04 |
0.05 (−0.03, 0.14) |
0.33 |
| Weight-for-length z-scores |
-
|
|
- |
|
−0.33 (−0.51, −0.14) |
<0.001 |
|
|
−0.09 (−0.16, −0.04) |
0.006 |
| Motor Composite Score |
-
|
|
- |
|
0.02 (0.0001, 0.03) |
0.04 |
|
|
0.22 (0.01, 0.43) |
0.04 |
| Maternal Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
None/primary level
|
-
|
|
ref |
|
- |
|
- |
|
- |
|
|
Lower secondary
|
-
|
|
0.07 (−0.20, 0.33) |
0.49 |
- |
|
- |
|
- |
|
|
Tertiary
|
-
|
|
−0.33 (−0.75, 0.08) |
0.24 |
- |
|
- |
|
- |
|
| Maternal parity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than five children
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
ref |
|
-
|
|
|
Five or more children
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
0.52 (0.04, 0.99) |
0.04 |
-
|
|
| Household head age in years |
-
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
−0.02 (−0.05, −0.001) |
0.04 |
-
|
|
| Poverty score | −0.01 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.86 | 0.003 (−0.006, 0.01) | 0.49 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.41 | −0.002 (−0.019, 0.016) | 0.87 | 0.003 (−0.003, 0.011) | 0.33 |
β – correlation coefficient, CI – confidence interval, FDR – false discovery rate, ref – reference, TOVA – test of variables of attention
*Full list of exposure variables explored in the regression analysis are shown in Table S3 in the Online Supplementary Document. Here we only report independent variables selected for inclusion in multivariable models.