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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 6.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Oct 29;57(44):16728–16742. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05041

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

EVs from microbes can have a variety of possible fate outcomes in the natural environment. For example, in soil systems, EVs can deposit on soil particles, aggregate with other EVs or colloidal particles, be taken up by plants, among other possible fates. Created with Biorender.