TABLE 1.
Patient Characteristics and Index Admission Measures
| Variable | Total (n = 757) | No MOUD (n = 516) | Started MOUD (n = 241) | Bivariate P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), years | 47 (34–56) | 50 (36–57.5) | 40 (30–53) | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 546 (72.13) | 383 (74.22) | 163 (67.63) | 0.060 |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 356 (47.79) | 215 (42.24) | 141 (59.75) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 231 (31.01) | 178 (34.97) | 53 (22.46) | |
| Hispanic | 105 (14.09) | 79 (15.52) | 26 (11.02) | |
| Other/unknown | 53 (7.11) | 37 (7.27) | 16 (6.78) | |
| English as primary language | 713 (94.19) | 476 (92.25) | 237 (98.34) | 0.001 |
| Insurance type | 0.086 | |||
| Medicaid | 566 (74.77) | 375 (72.67) | 191 (79.25) | |
| Medicare | 127 (16.78) | 97 (18.80) | 30 (12.45) | |
| Other | 64 (8.45) | 44 (8.53) | 20 (8.30) | |
| Homelessness (n = 754) | 377 (50.07) | 233 (45.51) | 144 (59.75) | <0.001 |
| Medication for OUD | N/A | |||
| Methadone (median dose: 30 mg) | – | – | 219 (90.87) | |
| Buprenorphine (median dose: 10 mg) | – | – | 22 (9.13) | |
| Co-occurring disorders | ||||
| Cocaine or other stimulant use | 521 (68.82) | 352 (68.22) | 169 (70.12) | 0.598 |
| Alcohol use | 237 (31.31) | 180 (34.88) | 57 (23.65) | 0.002 |
| Psychotic disorder | 125 (16.51) | 97 (18.80) | 28 (11.62) | 0.013 |
| Anxiety disorder | 233 (30.78) | 164 (31.78) | 69 (28.63) | 0.381 |
| Mood disorder | 288 (38.04) | 221 (42.83) | 67 (27.80) | <0.001 |
| Severity of illness score, mean (SD) (n = 740) | 2.33 (0.92) | 2.35 (0.95) | 2.26 (0.87) | 0.238 |
| Length of hospital stay, median (IQR), days | 4 (3–7) | 4 (2–6.5) | 5 (3–8) | 0.028 |
All values shown are n (%) for the column unless otherwise indicated.
IQR, interquartile range; MOUD, medication for opioid use disorder; OUD, opioid use disorder; SD, standard deviation.