. 2024 Dec 5;9(12):e016974. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2024-016974

Table 3. Estimated cost savings and QALY gains for ischaemic stroke and CHD under three air quality improvement scenarios^*†.

Age	2015 levels				35 µg/m³ scenario		5 µg/m³ scenario
	Stroke costs	CHD costs	Total cost	Total QALY	Excess cost	Excess QALY	Excess cost	Excess QALY
Male
45–49	3.15	1.70	4.85	619.53	0.70	201 960	2.08	623 890
50–54	3.41	1.84	5.25	479.61	0.67	200 485	2.07	641 431
55–59	4.45	2.40	6.85	360.42	0.77	231 902	2.54	780 871
60–64	5.90	3.18	9.08	326.65	0.95	321 745	3.13	1 081 190
65–69	5.29	2.85	8.14	203.68	0.76	274 702	2.55	954 309
70–74	4.71	2.54	7.25	119.03	0.64	295 349	2.06	959 314
75–79	4.27	2.30	6.57	72.27	0.50	258 289	1.65	860 951
80–85	2.53	1.37	3.90	36.46	0.19	91 870	0.79	367 098
Total_m	33.71	18.18	51.89	2.22	5.18	1 876 302	16.87	6 269 053
Female
45–49	1.13	0.53	1.66	586.21	0.23	59 837	0.71	187 112
50–54	1.60	0.75	2.35	464.73	0.28	73 737	0.94	248 214
55–59	2.26	1.05	3.31	347.58	0.40	110 749	1.25	343 172
60–64	4.12	1.92	6.04	332.85	0.65	199 154	2.09	645 058
65–69	4.41	2.06	6.47	212.94	0.67	219 488	2.09	701 926
70–74	5.63	2.63	8.26	134.64	0.73	322 909	2.35	1 036 641
75–79	5.73	2.67	8.40	91.10	0.66	334 481	2.13	1 078 845
80–85	5.28	2.46	7.74	57.08	0.49	235 120	1.67	780 282
Total_f	30.16	14.07	44.23	2.23	4.11	1 555 474	13.23	5 021 250
Total	63.87	32.25	96.12	4.44	9.29	3 431 776	30.10	11 290 303

Cost figures presented in billions.

^†

2015 QALY figures reported in millions, other QALY figures presented per unit.

CHD, coronary heart disease; QALY, quality-adjusted life year.

Table 3. Estimated cost savings and QALY gains for ischaemic stroke and CHD under three air quality improvement scenarios*†.