AI-driven approaches for bioink formulation. (a) A pipeline of personalized design of bioinks. (b) Experimental results of virtual staining for salivary gland tissue based on adversarial learning. Copyright 2021, Nature Publishing Group. (c) A workflow of real time monitoring and regulation of PSCs' differentiation process, using multiple AI algorithms. Copyright 2023, Nature Publishing Group. (d) Prediction results of “digital rheometer twins” on rheology of hydrogels. Copyright 2022, PNAS. (e) Risk assessment and mechanism analysis of bioink materials using interpretable ML models. Copyright 2022, Wiley. (f) A general workflow for the design of self-assembling peptide using HydrogelFinder-GPT. Copyright 2024, Wiley.