TABLE 5.
Narrative review: summary table.
| Reference | Design | Control group | N (total) | N* | Population | Intervention (n) | Baseline | Outcome (switch analyses) | Measurement of outcome | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suliman et al. (2024) [32] | Cohort | No | 53 | 53 | CM, EM a , b , c | ere‐gal ere‐epti gal‐epti | Before switch | Response rate at 3 and 6 months in MMDs (EM ≥ 50%, CM ≥ 30% reduction) | Headache diaries and electronic medical records (not specified) | Decrease of 5.0 MMDs IQR 5 at 6 months |
| Hong et al. (2024) [33] | Cohort | No | 655 | 135 | CM, EM a , b , c | ere‐fre ere‐gal gal‐fre | Before initiating first CGRP‐mAb | Response rate ≥ 50% MMDs at 3 and 6 months. MIDAS and HIT‐6 at 6 months | Clinical visits with self‐reported migraine days |
At 3 months ≥ 50% response was 33% and 41% at 6 months No statistical analysis was performed for the MIDAS and HIT‐6 |
| Month of 28 days | ||||||||||
| Talbot et al. (2024) [34] | Cohort | No | 54 | 54 | CM | Not specified | Before switch | Response at 3 months (CM ≥ 30% reduction) | Headache diary (not specified) | At 3 months n = 22 responders (33%) |
| Ihara et al. (2023) [35] | Cohort | No | 20 | 15 | CM, EM a | gal‐fre | Before switch | Change MMDs at 4 months | Headache diary (not specified) | Increase of 0.7 MMDs (95% CI −4.1, –5.5) |
| Number of days in month not given | ||||||||||
| Suzuki et al. (2023) [36] | Cohort | No | 110 | 35 | CM, EM a , b | gal‐fre (23) | Before switch | Change MMDs at 3 and 6 months | Headache diary (not specified) | At 3 months, reduction ~6 MMDs |
|
ere‐fre (4) |
Number of days in month not given | At 6 months, reduction ~7 MMDs | ||||||||
| ere + gal‐fre (8) | (95% CI not given, deduced from figure) | |||||||||
| Lambru et al. (2023) [12] | Cohort | No | 39 | 39 | CM c | ere‐fre | Before switch | Change MMDs at 3 and 6 months | Headache diary (not specified) |
At 3 months, reduction of 6.5 MMDs At 6 months, reduction 12.9 MMDs |
| Month of 30 days | (95% CI not given) | |||||||||
| Straube et al. (2023) [14] | Cohort | No | 153 | 138 | CM, EM b | gal‐fre (16) | Before switch | Change MMDs at 3 months | Headache diary (not specified) | At 3 months, reduction of 6.4 MMDs |
| ere‐gal (145) | Month of 28 days | (95% CI not given) | ||||||||
| ere + gal‐fre (8) | ||||||||||
| Kaltseis et al. (2023) [26] | Cohort | No | 196 | 34 | CM, EM a , b | Not specified | Not specified | Response rate at 3 months (EM ≥ 50%, CM ≥ 30% reduction) | Headache diary (not specified) | At 3 months n = 17 responders (50%) |
| Number of days in month not given | (Absolute reduction not given) | |||||||||
| Overeem et al. (2023) [27] | Cohort | No | 29 | 20 (at 6 months 14) | CM, EM c |
gal‐ere (14) fre‐ere (6) |
Before switch | Change MHDs at 3 and 6 months | Headache diary (not specified) |
At 3 months, reduction of 4.1 MHDs At 6 months, reduction of 7.0 MHDs |
| Month of 28 days | (95% CI not given) | |||||||||
| Iannone et al. (2023) [28] | Cohort | No | 31 | 22 | CM, EM |
Ligand–receptor (110) Receptor– ligand (11) |
Before switch | Change in MHDs at 3 months | Paper headache diary | At 3 months, reduction of 2.5 MHDs (95% CI not given) |
| Months of 30 days | ||||||||||
| López‐Moreno et al. (2022) [37] | Cohort | No | 14 | 14 | CM, EM c |
ere‐gal (9) gal‐ere (4) ere‐fre (1) |
Not specified | Response rate d | Not specified | At 3 months 28.5% were responders |
| Overeem et al. (2022) [16] | Cohort | No | 78 | 25 | CM c | ere‐gal (12) | Before switch | Change in MHDs at 3 months | Unstandardized headache diary | At 3 months, reduction of 3.0 MHDs (95% CI not given) |
| ere‐fre (13) | Month of 28 days | |||||||||
| Ziegeler and May (2020) [18] | Casereport | No | 3 | 3 | CM, EM c | ere‐gal | Before switch | Change in MHDs at 3 months | Not specified | At 3 months, reduction of 12.7 MHDs (95% CI not given) |
| Ruiz et al. (2022) [17] | Cohort | No | 30 | 15 | CM, EM c | ere‐gal | Not specified | Mean change over 3 months | Not specified | At 3 months, reduction of 6.9 MMDs (95% CI not given) |
Note: The study designs were classified based upon epidemiology guidelines, to distinguish between case series and retrospective cohort studies [17]. N* is the number of patients included in switch analysis.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CM, chronic migraine; EM, episodic migraine, epti , eptinezumab; ere, erenumab; fre, fremanezumab; gal, galcanezumab; HIT‐6, Headache Impact Test; IQR, interquartile range; MHDs, monthly headache days; MIDAS, Migraine Disability Assessment Test; MMDs, monthly migraine days.
Medication overuse headache not excluded.
Psychiatric disorders not excluded.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria comorbidities not specified.
Defined as reduction in MMDs or MHDs >50% or 5‐point reduction on HIT‐6 or, if baseline was 11–20, a 5‐point reduction on MIDAS or a reduction of >30% if baseline score is >20.