Table 1.
Model Input Parameters – Costs
| Parameter | UK | Netherlands | Sweden |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drug costs (1-month therapy) | |||
| Aspirin | €9 (£8) | €11 a | €4 (kr39) |
| Dabigatran | €59 (£52) | €115 a | €60 (kr666) |
| Rivaroxaban | €62 (£55) | €66 a | €57 (kr635) |
| Apixaban | €66 (£58) | €68 a | €60 (kr668) |
| Edoxaban | €60 (£53) | €66 a | €60 (kr665) |
| Stroke costs | |||
| Recurrent mild stroke | €5,117 (£4,521) | €19,775 | €12,964 (kr144,815) |
| Recurrent moderate stroke | €26,699 (£23,588) | €54,841 | €26,039 (kr290,859) |
| Recurrent severe stroke | €36,466 (£32,217) | €67,173 | €32,618 (kr364,355) |
| Recurrent fatal stroke/death | €4,603 (£4,067) | €3,671 | €17,892 (kr199,856) |
| Cost of infection | |||
| Cost for superficial surgical site infections | €2,264 (£2,000) b | €2,000 b | €327 (kr3,655) c |
| Bleeding cost | |||
| Major bleeding | €4,940 (£4,365) d | €6,136 | €2,870 (kr32,058) |
| CRNM bleed event | €2,502 (£2,210) e | €40 | €910 (kr10,170) |
| ePatch costs | |||
| Device cost | €170 (£150) f | €140 f | €170 (kr1,899) f |
| ILR costs | |||
| Unit cost per ILR implantation | €600 (£530) g | €4,612 h | €2,285 (kr25,521) i |
| Unit cost per ILR device | €2,037 (£1,800) | NA | NA |
| Cost of daily continuous monitoring | €1,358 (£1,200) | NA | NA |
| Removal of ILR | €158 (£140) j | €2,463 k | NA |
Notes: a inclusive €6 delivery costs of the pharmacy; b Assumption; c NordDRG tariff E26O (cost was inclusive of ILR removal); d Weighted average of HRGs (FD03/HC28/HD24/BZ24/FF50/FF51), non elective long stay; e Weighted average of HRGs (FD03H/CA23/LB38H), non elective long stay; f Mean cost provided by the manufacturer. Mean cost provided is intended for modeling purposes only. The final actual cost may be higher or lower depending on various factors, including the specific service model chosen for ePatch, number of patients served or volume committed, and country-specific conditions and regulations. These variables can impact the overall cost; g Outpatient Procedures (OPROC). Service code 320. Cardiology. HRG EY12B; h Dutch tariff declaration code 15B776; i - NordDRG tariff E26O (cost was inclusive of ILR removal); j Outpatient Procedures (OPROC). Service code 320. Cardiology. HRG EY13Z; k Dutch tariff declaration code 15B778.
Abbreviations: CRNM, clinically relevant non-major; HRG, Healthcare Resource Groups; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; ILR, implantable loop recorder; UK, United Kingdom.