Table 9.
Studies focused on transgender-women: research purpose, methodologies, and sample sizes, settings.
| Authors, publication date, title | Research purpose/question | Methodologies | Sample size, setting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health issue I: sexual and reproductive health (research) | |||
| Wirtz et al. (2021): Digital Epidemiologic Research on Multilevel Risks for HIV Acquisition and Other Health Outcomes Among Transgender Women in Eastern and Southern United States: Protocol for an Online Cohort | Estimating incidence of HIV and other health outcomes among trans-gender women | Digital observational research, part of a larger multisite prospective cohort (LITE) | N = 580, convenience sampling |
| da Silva et al. (2020): Stigma and Web-Based Sex Seeking among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Tijuana, Mexico: Cross-Sectional Study | Assessing the effectiveness of sex seeking platforms for engaging in HIV prevention and treatment services, determination of prevalence of web-based sex seeking and examining the factors that shape or are influenced by stigma | Utility study, interviewer-administered survey, multivariable logistic regression analysis | N = 561, using venue-based and respondent-based sampling |
| Holloway et al. (2020): Leveraging Social Networks and Technology for HIV Prevention and Treatment with Transgender Women | Developing health promotion strategies by using technology-based networking platforms | Qualitative methods, focus groups | N = 39 in n = 5 focus groups |
| Akinola et al. (2021): Perceived Acceptability and Feasibility on HIV Self-Testing and App-Based Data Collection for HIV Prevention Research with Transgender Women in the United States | Perceived acceptability of novel technologies for research purpose, particularly HIV self-testing and remote data collection through a mobile app | Qualitative methods, focus groups | N = 41 in n = 7 focus groups |
| Sun et al. (2020): A Sexual Health Promotion App for Transgender Women (Trans Women Connected): Development and Usability Study | Testing the usability and acceptability of the prototype Trans Women Connected mobile app | 3-phase prototype development process, pre-and posttests, think-aloud protocols, open-ended questions | N = 16 |
| Sun et al. (2019): Findings from Formative Research to Develop a Strength-Based HIV Prevention and Sexual Health Promotion mHealth Intervention for Transgender Women | Examining the sexual health needs in the context of their overall health and identifying overarching content framing strategies and content for a mobile health intervention | Formative research, focus groups and in-depth interviews | N = 37 in n = 4 focus groups and n = 20 interviews |
| Kuhns et al. (2021): A Uniquely Targeted, Mobile App-Based HIV-Prevention Intervention for Young Transgender Women: Adaptation and Usability Study | Adapting an efficacious group-based intervention to a mobile app Life Skills to reduce HIV risk; testing its acceptability and usability | user-centered design sessions, think-aloud protocol, recordings of screen activity, 2 validated questionnaires (PSSUQ and Health-ITUES) | N = 8 in design sessions, n = 10 in the usability trial |
| Magnus et al. (2020): Development of a Telehealth Intervention to Promote Care-Seeking Among Transgender Women of Color in Washington, DC | Informing the development of a group-specific telehealth intervention to increase access to HIV care | Formative qualitative semi-structured interviews, focus groups, thematic coding and content analysis | N = 22 |
| Lloyd and Finn (2017): Authenticity, Validation and Sexualisation on Grindr: An Analysis of Trans Women’s Accounts | Trans-women’s talk of self/ other identifications in relation to their regular use of GrindR | Semi-structured in-depth interviews, Foucauldian-informed discourse analysis | N = 8 |
| Rogers et al. (2020): A Retrospective Study of Positive and Negative Determinants of Gamete Storage in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients | Formally categorizing the reasons trans-gender people store and do not store gamete prior to hormone treatment | quantitative and qualitative data, analysis of electronic medical records | N = 3,667, recruiting via telemedicine service GenderGP |
| Health issue II: voice work | |||
| Hawley and Hancock (2021): Incorporating Mobile App Technology in Voice Modification Protocol for Transgender Women | Exploring the effectiveness and acceptability of the innovative service delivery | Single-subject changing criterion design, outcome measures via acoustics, self and listener ratings of audio samples, program evaluation questionnaire | N = 4 completing a 10-week hybrid clinic-home voice intervention program |