Table 5.
Comparison of Patients With New-Onset and Established Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Excluding Those Administered Insulin Glargine Before Acidosis Resolution
| Baseline Characteristic | New-Onset T1DM (n = 35) | Established T1DM (n = 20) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), yr | 9 (6–12) | 12 (9–14) | 0.0702 | |
| Female, n (%) | 14 (40) | 12 (60) | 0.1530 | |
| Weight, median (IQR), kg | 32.7 (18.9–40.0) | 49.5 (30.8–61.2) | 0.0133 | |
| A1C, median (IQR), % | 12.1 (11.0–14.4) | 10.5 (10.0–13.0) | 0.0275 | |
| Blood glucose, median (IQR), mg/dL | 514 (446–598) | 399 (333–465) | 0.0019 | |
| CO2, median (IQR), mEq/L | 9 (9–12) | 9 (9–12) | 0.8269 | |
| Potassium, median (IQR), mEq/L | 4.2 (3.7–4.8) | 4.9 (4.4–5.2) | 0.0127 | |
| Outcome | Relative Risk (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Time until CO2 >15 mEq/L, median (IQR), hr |
10.78 (7.50–15.02) | 9.47 (6.86–14.93) | 0.4950 | |
| Insulin infusion duration, median (IQR), hr | 18.1 (13.9–23.3) | 15.0 (12.8–21.7) | 0.1416 | |
| Hospital LOS, median (IQR), days | 3 (2–3) | 1 (1–2) | 0.0024 | |
| PICU LOS, median (IQR), days | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 0.6492 | |
| Any adverse event, n (%) | 25 (71) | 11 (55) | 1.30 (0.83–2.03) | 0.2177 |
| Hypoglycemia, n (%) |
14 (40) | 8 (40) | 1.00 (0.51–1.96) | 1.0000 |
| Hypokalemia, n (%) |
20 (57) | 5 (25) | 2.29 (1.02–5.15) | 0.0213 |
| Both hypoglycemia and hypokalemia, n (%) | 9 (26) | 2 (10) | 2.57 (0.62–10.75) | 0.1697 |
| Cerebral edema, n (%) | 0 | 1 (5) | 0.3636 | |
A1C, glycated hemoglobin A1C; CO2, serum sodium bicarbonate concentration; LOS, length of stay; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus