Figure 1.

Risk of incident chronic kidney diseases according to consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and natural juices. Restricted cubic splines of HRs were calculated from Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for sex, age, race, education levels, household income, socioeconomic status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, red and processed meat intake, sleep time, medications use (aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs, and proton pump inhibitors use), total sugar intake, total energy, and mutually adjusted for another two beverages. (A) Sugar-sweetened beverages. (B) Artificially sweetened beverages. (C) Natural juices.