Cytokine production in CD8+ T cells from asymptomatic and symptomatic mice infected with P3. C57BL/6 mice (female, 6-8 weeks old) were i.v. injected with 105 PFUs of P3, and splenocytes were analyzed at 7 dpi. (A) Flow cytometry plots and frequencies of PD-1+TIM-3- and PD-1+TIM-3+ cells within CD8+ T cells in the spleens of asymptomatic and symptomatic mice infected with P3. (B, C, D, E, F) Representative flow cytometry histograms (up) and MFI (down) of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, granzyme B, and perforin staining in different CD8+ T cell subpopulations are shown. (G) C57BL/6 female mice (6-8 weeks old) infected with JEV were immunized with OVA at 1 dpi. The CD8+ cytotoxic activity of the mice was analyzed at 7 dpi by measuring the specific killing of OVA peptide-loaded EL-4 cells at effector-to-target ratios of 12.5:1, 25:1, and 50:1. Representative results from repeated experiments are shown. The data are presented as arithmetic means ± SEMs. ns, not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.