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. 2024 May 29;38(6):521–530. doi: 10.7555/JBR.37.20230314

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© 2024 by Journal of Biomedical Research.

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Three main signaling pathways of the pericyte-EC regulation.

The PDGF-B/PDGFRβ axis promotes the proliferation, migration, and adhesion of pericytes. The Ang/Tie2 axis regulates vascular sprouting and vascular stabilization. The TGF-β/TβR axis regulates pericyte differentiation and vascular maturation through Smad2/3 and downstream target genes. Abbreviations: EC, endothelial cell; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; PDGF-B, platelet-derived growth factor B; PDGFRβ, platelet-derived growth factor receptor β; Ang-1, angiopoietin-1; Ang-2, angiopoietin-2; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TβR, TGF-β receptor.