Fig. 1.

A representative snapshot of the model bacterial cytoplasm. The upper figure a) depicts a snapshot of the bacterial cytoplasm, enclosed by the cell wall, where different types of particles are distinguished by color-coded beads. The lower schematic illustrates two states of ribosomes: (i) separated into 50S and 30S monomers, and (ii) combined into 70S and integrated within a polysome. To enhance visualization, we extracted the distinct particle types from the snapshot and presented them individually (from top to bottom: b) DNA, c) 30S and 50S combined, d) and polysomes.