Table III.

Subgroup analysis of the effects of vitamin K supplementation on total osteocalcin, uncarboxylated osteocalcin, and carboxylated osteocalcin.

Subgroup	Total OC, ng/ml				ucOC, ng/ml				cOC, ng/ml
	N	WMD (95% CI)	Heterogeneity		N	WMD (95% CI)	Heterogeneity		N	WMD (95% CI)	Heterogeneity
			I ²	p-value			I ²	p-value			I ²	p-value
Intervention
Vitamin K1	4	-0.91 (-3.20 to 1.39)	93.5%	0.439	4	-3.25 (-5.41 to -1.08)	95.1%	0.003	4	2.24 (-0.76 to 5.23)	96.6%	0.144
Vitamin K2	6	2.37 (-0.02 to 4.76)	93.6%	0.052	6	-1.39 (-2.43 to -0.45)	96.2%	0.004	2	2.61 (1.80 to 3.41)	0.0%	< 0.001
Dose, mg/day
≤ 1	4	-1.10 (-3.34 to 1.15)	94.2%	0.338	5	-2.78 (-4.52 to -1.04)	93.8%	0.002	5	2.25 (-0.28 to 4.78)	95.5%	0.082
> 1	6	2.64 (0.14 to 5.15)	93.3%	0.039	5	-1.47 (-2.53 to -0.42)	97.0%	0.006	1	2.68 (1.78 to 3.57)	N/A^*	< 0.001
Duration, yrs
≤ 1	6	1.29 (-0.62 to 3.2)	94.4%	0.186	7	-1.56 (-2.68 to -0.43)	96.1%	0.007	4	1.00 (-0.77 to 2.78)	89.7%	0.269
> 1	4	0.45 (-1.70 to 2.60)	79.7%	0.682	3	-3.62 (-6.88 to -0.36)	96.7%	0.030	2	4.89 (4.08 to 5.71)	0.0%	< 0.001
Country
Asia	4	3.59 (-0.38 to 7.57)	81.1%	0.076	5	-1.08 (-1.88 to -0.27)	92.6%	0.009	1	2.30 (0.42 to 4.18)	N/A^*	0.016
Other continents	6	-0.44 (-2.24 to 1.36)	92.4%	0.630	5	-3.00 (-4.42 to 1.58)	93.5%	< 0.001	5	2.32 (0.08 to 4.56)	95.6%	0.042
Sex
Female	7	1.91 (-0.28 to 4.10)	92.3%	0.087	7	-2.45 (-3.57 to -1.33)	94.0%	< 0.001	3	4.12 (2.55 to 5.68)	84.6%	< 0.001
Female and male	3	-0.79 (-3.35 to 1.77)	95.6%	0.545	3	-1.39 (-2.83 to 0.05)	89.4%	0.058	3	0.28 (-1.09 to 1.65)	71.0%	0.688

Only one document included, not shown.

N/A, not applicable.