Table 2.
Association between patient and disease characteristics and testosterone therapy use. Since testosterone therapy use is a time-dependent covariate, estimates are generated from univariable Cox proportional hazards models for time from landmark to initiation of testosterone therapy or last follow-up.
| Characteristic | N | HR1 | 95% CI1 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at RP (per 5 years) | 5,199 | 0.91 | 0.83, 1.00 | 0.059 |
| Race | 4,995 | 0.13 | ||
| Asian | — | — | ||
| Black | 3.71 | 0.88, 15.7 | ||
| Other | 4.74 | 0.92, 24.4 | ||
| White | 2.91 | 0.72, 11.7 | ||
| Diabetes | 5,199 | 2.01 | 1.37, 2.93 | <0.001 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 5,199 | 2.53 | 1.88, 3.40 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 5,199 | 1.66 | 1.25, 2.19 | <0.001 |
| High cholesterol | 5,199 | 1.33 | 1.00, 1.75 | 0.048 |
| Coronary artery disease | 5,199 | 1.23 | 0.67, 2.26 | 0.5 |
| ≥ 2 comorbidities | 5,199 | 2.13 | 1.61, 2.82 | <0.001 |
| Pre-RP PSA (per 1 ng/ml) | 5,182 | 1.02 | 1.01, 1.03 | 0.002 |
| Pre-RP testosterone (per 50 ng/dl) | 1,826 | 0.77 | 0.72, 0.82 | <0.001 |
| RP Type | 5,199 | 0.001 | ||
| Open | — | — | ||
| Laparoscopic | 0.90 | 0.55, 1.46 | ||
| Robotic | 1.64 | 1.14, 2.37 | ||
| Pathologic Gleason grade group | 5,199 | 0.052 | ||
| 1 | — | — | ||
| 2 | 1.08 | 0.75, 1.56 | ||
| 3 | 1.68 | 1.07, 2.65 |
1
HR = Hazard Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval