TABLE 2.
Treatment characteristics.
| Reference, year | CTV definition | PTV definition | RT‐technique | Median dose (range) Gy | Gy/Fraction | Boost %, Dose Gy | Median BEDα/ß10 (range) | Comparisons | CHT schedule (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laughlin et al, 2022 27 | NR | NR |
3DRT IMRT |
50.4 (7.2–62.4) | 1.8–2.0 |
BRT 10.0% LDR 10.0(8.0–20.0) |
59.5 | nCRT vs. aCRT vs dCRT | 5‐FU, CAPE |
|
Koh et al, 2021 28 |
GTV+PNI | CTV+10–20 mm | 3DRT | 54.0 (40.0–64.0) | 1.8–3.0 | No | 64.8 (50.0–76.8) | CRT vs. RT | 5‐FU, CAPE, leucovorin |
| Jethwa et al, 2020 10 | GTV+CIN+5–10 mm | CTV + 5–10 mm |
3DRT IMRT |
50.4 (45.0–50.4) | 1.5–1.8 |
BRT 17.0% HDR 9.0 LDR 20.0–25.0 |
59.5 | CRT±BRT boost a |
5‐FU CAPE |
| Hung et al, 2020 11 | GTV+CIN+5 mm | ITV | PBT | 72.6 (39.6–73.4) CGE | 3.3 | No | 96.6 (52.7–109.6) CGE | CRT vs. RT |
GEM 63.3 5‐FU 13.3 b |
| Sebastian et al, 2019 29 | NR | NR | NR | 50.4 (45.0–54.0) | 1.8 | No | 59.5 | SBRT vs. CRT vs. TARE | NR |
| Bisello et al, 2018 8 | GTV+PNI+10 mm | CTV+10 mm |
2DRT 3DRT |
50.0 (16.0–75.0) | 1.8 |
BRT 51.3% 14.0 (14.0–50.0) |
59.0 | CRT±BRT boost |
5‐FU 29.5 GEM 67.2 CAPE 3.3 |
| Verma et al, 2018 31 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | No | NR | CRT vs. CHT | NR |
| Verma et al, 2017 30 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | No | NR | CRT vs. CHT | NR |
| Kim et al, 2017 15 | GTV+CNI+5–10 mm | CTV+10–20 mm | 3DRT | 54.0 (45.0–60.0) | 1.8–2.0 | No | 63.7 | CRT vs. RT | 5‐FU 55.5, GEM 22.2, CAPE 16.6, Tegafur/uracil 5.5 |
| Jackson et al, 2016 32 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | No | NR | CRT vs. CHT | NR |
| Lee et al, 2016 21 | GTV+PNI+bile duct | CTV+5 mm | 3DRT | 45.0 | 1.8 | No | 53.1 | CRT+CHT | GEM + cisplatin 100.0 |
| Chen et al, 2015 22 | GTV+CIN+5 mm | CTV+10 mm | 3DRT | 54.0 (40.0–66.6) b | 1.8–2.0 | Yes, not specified | 63.7 | CRT vs. RT | 5‐FU 100.0 |
| Phelip et al, 2014 23 | GTV+PNI | CTV+20 mm | 3DRT | 50.0 | 2.0 | No | 60.0 | CRT vs. CHT | 5‐FU+cisplatin |
| Moureau‐Zabotto et al, 2013 14 | GTV+PNI+15 mm | CTV+10 mm | 3DRT | 48.3 (30.0–78.0) | 1.8–2.0 | No | 57.4 | CRT vs. RT | 5‐FU±cisplatin |
| Yoshioka et al, 2014 25 | GTV+/− PNI | CTV+10–20 mm | NR | 50.0 (40.0–60.0) b | 1.8–2.0 |
BRT 14.0%–18.0% IORT 2.0% 20.0–25.0 b |
59.0 | RT±surgery±CHT |
GEM 5‐FU |
| Yi et al, 2014 26 | NR | NR | 3DRT | 46.0 (36.0–52.0) | 1.8–2.0 |
EBRT 100.0% 50.4 (45.0–60.0) |
59.5 | CRT vs. BSC |
GEM 27.4 5‐FU 72.6 |
| Habermehl et al, 2012 24 | NR | NR | 3DRT | 45.0 (39.0–50.4) c | 1.8–2.0 | BRT 18.2%‐24.0; IORT 18.2%‐24.0 | 53.1 | Surgery+CRT vs RT or CRT±BRT/IORT boost |
5FU 18.2 GEM 81.8 |
Abbreviations: 5‐FU 5‐fluorouracil, 3DRT 3D conformal radiotherapy; aCRT, adjuvant chemoradiation; BRT, brachytherapy; BSC, best supportive care; CAPE, capecitabine; CGE, cobalt Gray equivalent; CHT, chemotherapy; CHT‐RT, sequential chemo‐radiotherapy; CIN, clinically involved nodes; CRT, concurrent chemoradiation; CTV, clinical target volume; dCRT, definitive chemoradiation; GEM, gemcitabine; GTV, gross tumor volume; HDR, high dose rate brachytherapy; IMRT, intensity‐modulated radiotherapy; IORT, intra‐operative radiation therapy; ITV, internal target volume; LDR, low dose rate brachytherapy; nCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiation; NR, not reported; PNI, prophylactic nodal irradiation; RT, radiotherapy; SBRT, stereotactic radiotherapy; TARE, trans‐arterial radioembolization.
CRT 94.0%, Prior CHT 4.0%, Adjuvant CHT 10.0%, BRT boost 17.0%;
Related to the whole population included in the analysis;
Two patients received 15 Gy with Intra‐operative radiotherapy, two patients received 24 Gy of brachytherapy boost.