Table 1.
Comparison of Patient Characteristics and Medical Background by CB Status a
| Variable | Overall (N = 62) | CB (n = 29) | No CB (n = 33) | P | Variable | Overall (N = 62) | CB (n = 29) | No CB (n = 33) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 39.6 ± 12.4 | 39 ± 10.8 | 40.2 ± 13.8 | .79 | Surgical history | ||||
| BMI | 27.4 ± 5.4 | 27 ± 4.9 | 27.8 ± 5.8 | .55 | Prior ipsilateral hip surgery | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | .60 |
| Sex | .23 | Orthopaedic procedures | 1.3 ± 2.6 | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 3.4 | .93 | |||
| Male | 13 (21) | 4 (13.8) | 9 (27.3) | Any surgery | 3.2 ± 3.7 | 3.1 ± 3.1 | 3.3 ± 4.3 | .80 | |
| Female | 49 (79) | 25 (86.2) | 24 (72.7) | Prior ipsilateral hip surgery | .70 | ||||
| Race | .15 | No | 53 (85.5) | 25 (86.2) | 28 (84.8) | ||||
| Asian | 2 (3.2) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.0) | Yes | 7 (11.3) | 4 (13.8) | 3 (9.1) | ||
| Black | 4 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (12.1) | Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.8 ± 1.0 | .81 | |
| White | 56 (90.3) | 28 (96.6) | 28 (84.8) | History of depression/anxiety | .68 | ||||
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | No | 34 (54.8) | 18 (62.1) | 16 (48.5) | ||
| Ethnicity | ≥.99 | Yes | 13 (20.9) | 6 (20.7) | 7 (21.2) | ||||
| Hispanic/Latino | 2 (3.2) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.0) | ASA physical status score | .57 | ||||
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 59 (95.2) | 28 (96.6) | 31 (93.9) | I | 23 (37.1) | 12 (41.4) | 11 (34.3) | ||
| Education level | .46 | II | 37 (59.7) | 17 (58.6) | 20 (60.6) | ||||
| College education | 47 (75.8) | 23 (79.3) | 24 (72.7) | III | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.0) | ||
| High school graduate | 4 (6.5) | 2 (6.9) | 2 (6.1) | Preoperative opioid use | .74 | ||||
| Less than high school | 5 (8.1) | 1 (3.4) | 4 (12.1) | No | 51 (82.3) | 23 (79.3) | 28 (84.8) | ||
| Marital status | .04 | Yes | 11 (17.7) | 6 (20.7) | 5 (15.2) | ||||
| Single | 30 (48.4) | 18 (62.1) | 12 (36.4) | Smoking status | .39 | ||||
| Married or domestic | 27 (43.5) | 9 (30.1) | 18 (54.5) | Daily | 5 (8.1) | 1 (3.4) | 4 (12.1) | ||
| Live with caretaker | .34 | Never | 45 (72.6) | 22 (75.9) | 23 (69.7) | ||||
| No | 4 (6.5) | 3 (10.3) | 1 (3.0) | Quit | 5 (8.1) | 3 (10.3) | 2 (6.1) | ||
| Yes | 53 (85.5) | 24 (82.8) | 29 (87.9) | Alcohol intake | .12 | ||||
| Employment status | .29 | ≤4 times/month | 26 (41.9) | 9 (31.0) | 17 (51.5) | ||||
| Employed/Retired | 41 (66.1) | 20 (73.4) | 21 (63.4) | >4 times/month | 20 (32.3) | 13 (44.8) | 7 (21.2) | ||
| Student | 9 (14.5) | 3 (10.3) | 6 (18.2) | Never | 10 (16.1) | 5 (17.2) | 5 (15.2) | ||
| Unable to work | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.0) | Recreational drug use | ≥.99 | ||||
| Unemployed | 5 (8.1) | 4 (13.8) | 1 (3.0) | No | 55 (88.7) | 26 (89.7) | 29 (87.9) | ||
| Annual income | .46 | Yes | 2 (3.2) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.0) | ||||
| >$70,000 | 32 (51.6) | 15 (51.7) | 17 (51.5) | Legal claim filed? | .49 | ||||
| <$70,000 | 21 (33.9) | 12 (41.4) | 9 (27.3) | No | 55 (88.7) | 27 (93.1) | 28 (84.8) | ||
| Insurance | .92 | Yes | 2 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.1) | ||||
| Government | 11 (17.7) | 5 (17.2) | 6 (18.2) | ||||||
| Private | 51 (82.3) | 24 (82.8) | 27 (81.8) |
a
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). Boldface P value indicates statistically significant difference between the CB and no-CB groups (P < .05). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; CB, completely better.