Table 1.
CLDN3 immunostaining in human tumors
| CLDN3 immunostaining | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor entity | on TMA (n) | analyzable (n) | negative (%) | weak (%) | moderate (%) | strong (%) | |
| Tumors of the skin | Basal cell carcinoma of the skin | 41 | 13 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin | 95 | 80 | 93.8 | 6.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignant melanoma | 19 | 19 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignant melanoma lymph node metastasis | 86 | 82 | 98.8 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Merkel cell carcinoma | 2 | 2 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the head and neck | Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx | 109 | 89 | 78.7 | 11.2 | 6.7 | 3.4 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx | 60 | 41 | 65.9 | 24.4 | 0.0 | 9.8 | |
| Oral squamous cell carcinoma (floor of the mouth) | 130 | 102 | 84.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.9 | |
| Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland | 50 | 45 | 37.8 | 31.1 | 20.0 | 11.1 | |
| Warthin tumor of the parotid gland | 49 | 48 | 2.1 | 31.3 | 43.8 | 22.9 | |
| Basal cell adenoma of the salivary gland | 15 | 15 | 20.0 | 13.3 | 20.0 | 46.7 | |
| Tumors of the lung, pleura and thymus | Adenocarcinoma of the lung | 196 | 130 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 87.7 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung | 80 | 45 | 71.1 | 17.8 | 2.2 | 8.9 | |
| Mesothelioma, epithelioid | 40 | 24 | 95.8 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Mesothelioma, biphasic | 29 | 17 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Thymoma | 29 | 29 | 69.0 | 6.9 | 13.8 | 10.3 | |
| Lung, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 29 | 25 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 84.0 | |
| Tumors of the female genital tract | Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina | 30 | 26 | 76.9 | 11.5 | 3.8 | 7.7 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva | 107 | 87 | 90.8 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 3.4 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix | 88 | 74 | 56.8 | 31.1 | 5.4 | 6.8 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the cervix | 23 | 23 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 87.0 | |
| Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma | 288 | 261 | 0.4 | 5.7 | 10.3 | 83.5 | |
| Endometrial serous carcinoma | 36 | 32 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 93.8 | |
| Carcinosarcoma of the uterus | 57 | 46 | 21.7 | 17.4 | 4.3 | 56.5 | |
| Endometrial carcinoma, high grade, G3 | 13 | 13 | 30.8 | 7.7 | 15.4 | 46.2 | |
| Endometrial clear cell carcinoma | 9 | 8 | 0.0 | 12.5 | 0.0 | 87.5 | |
| Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary | 93 | 71 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 91.5 | |
| Serous carcinoma of the ovary | 530 | 445 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 95.7 | |
| Mucinous carcinoma of the ovary | 75 | 51 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 7.8 | 52.9 | |
| Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary | 51 | 40 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 95.0 | |
| Carcinosarcoma of the ovary | 47 | 36 | 19.4 | 11.1 | 5.6 | 63.9 | |
| Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary | 44 | 42 | 90.5 | 4.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
| Leydig cell tumor of the ovary | 4 | 4 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary | 1 | 1 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Sertoli Leydig cell tumor of the ovary | 3 | 3 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 0.0 | |
| Steroid cell tumor of the ovary | 3 | 3 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 33.3 | |
| Brenner tumor | 32 | 26 | 88.5 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 3.8 | |
| Tumors of the breast | Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type | 499 | 345 | 0.3 | 13.9 | 9.6 | 76.2 |
| Lobular carcinoma of the breast | 150 | 107 | 4.7 | 17.8 | 16.8 | 60.7 | |
| Medullary carcinoma of the breast | 8 | 7 | 0.0 | 14.3 | 0.0 | 85.7 | |
| Tubular carcinoma of the breast | 2 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Mucinous carcinoma of the breast | 7 | 4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Tumors of the digestive system | Adenomatous polyp, low-grade dysplasia | 50 | 25 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
| Adenomatous polyp, high-grade dysplasia | 50 | 38 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the colon | 2483 | 2219 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 98.0 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, diffuse type | 215 | 189 | 23.3 | 9.5 | 2.6 | 64.6 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, intestinal type | 215 | 184 | 9.8 | 8.7 | 10.9 | 70.7 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, mixed type | 62 | 50 | 8.0 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 70.0 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus | 83 | 76 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 10.5 | 75.0 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus | 76 | 69 | 68.1 | 17.4 | 4.3 | 10.1 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal | 91 | 65 | 83.1 | 10.8 | 0.0 | 6.2 | |
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 58 | 46 | 15.2 | 21.7 | 23.9 | 39.1 | |
| Gallbladder adenocarcinoma | 51 | 44 | 6.8 | 20.5 | 11.4 | 61.4 | |
| Gallbladder Klatskin tumor | 42 | 27 | 22.2 | 33.3 | 25.9 | 18.5 | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 312 | 274 | 11.7 | 56.6 | 14.6 | 17.2 | |
| Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas | 659 | 415 | 33.0 | 33.3 | 12.5 | 21.2 | |
| Pancreatic/Ampullary adenocarcinoma | 98 | 65 | 12.3 | 7.7 | 10.8 | 69.2 | |
| Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas | 18 | 17 | 5.9 | 17.6 | 11.8 | 64.7 | |
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) | 62 | 58 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Appendix, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 25 | 14 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Colorectal, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 12 | 9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Ileum, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 53 | 45 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Pancreas, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 101 | 76 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 93.4 | |
| Colorectal, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 14 | 12 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 75.0 | |
| Ileum, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 8 | 7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Gallbladder, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 4 | 4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 75.0 | 25.0 | |
| Pancreas, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 14 | 9 | 0.0 | 22.2 | 11.1 | 66.7 | |
| Tumors of the urinary system | Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, pTa G2 low grade | 87 | 79 | 77.2 | 16.5 | 5.1 | 1.3 |
| Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, pTa G2 high grade | 80 | 73 | 63.0 | 26.0 | 8.2 | 2.7 | |
| Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, pTa G3 | 126 | 116 | 36.2 | 35.3 | 6.9 | 21.6 | |
| Urothelial carcinoma, pT2-4 G3 | 735 | 520 | 46.0 | 25.2 | 11.9 | 16.9 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder | 22 | 21 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder | 5 | 5 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 80.0 | |
| Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma | 25 | 12 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Urothelial carcinoma of the kidney pelvis | 62 | 55 | 65.5 | 25.5 | 1.8 | 7.3 | |
| Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | 1287 | 1045 | 10.1 | 25.6 | 16.6 | 47.7 | |
| Papillary renal cell carcinoma | 368 | 275 | 2.9 | 5.1 | 8.7 | 83.3 | |
| Clear cell (tubulo) papillary renal cell carcinoma | 26 | 18 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 77.8 | |
| Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma | 170 | 133 | 30.1 | 43.6 | 12.8 | 13.5 | |
| Oncocytoma of the kidney | 257 | 191 | 22.0 | 61.3 | 13.6 | 3.1 | |
| Tumors of the male genital organs | Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 3 + 3 | 83 | 83 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 96.4 |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 4 + 4 | 80 | 80 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 98.8 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 5 + 5 | 85 | 85 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 98.8 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate (recurrence) | 258 | 237 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 97.9 | |
| Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate | 2 | 2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | |
| Seminoma | 682 | 640 | 95.5 | 3.9 | 0.6 | 0.0 | |
| Embryonal carcinoma of the testis | 54 | 41 | 82.9 | 14.6 | 2.4 | 0.0 | |
| Leydig cell tumor of the testis | 31 | 30 | 96.7 | 0.0 | 3.3 | 0.0 | |
| Sertoli cell tumor of the testis | 2 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Spermatocytic tumor of the testis | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Yolk sac tumor | 53 | 40 | 60.0 | 37.5 | 2.5 | 0.0 | |
| Teratoma | 53 | 40 | 72.5 | 10.0 | 7.5 | 10.0 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis | 92 | 67 | 95.5 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of endocrine organs | Adenoma of the thyroid gland | 63 | 63 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 12.7 | 82.5 |
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma | 341 | 329 | 0.0 | 4.6 | 6.7 | 88.8 | |
| Follicular thyroid carcinoma | 109 | 106 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 84.0 | |
| Medullary thyroid carcinoma | 57 | 57 | 3.5 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 94.7 | |
| Parathyroid gland adenoma | 43 | 41 | 9.8 | 31.7 | 19.5 | 39.0 | |
| Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma | 19 | 19 | 84.2 | 5.3 | 0.0 | 10.5 | |
| Adrenal cortical adenoma | 48 | 43 | 95.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.0 | |
| Adrenal cortical carcinoma | 27 | 23 | 60.9 | 17.4 | 4.3 | 17.4 | |
| Pheochromocytoma | 51 | 48 | 97.9 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of hematopoetic and lymphoid tissues | Hodgkin's lymphoma | 103 | 91 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Small lymphocytic lymphoma, B-cell type (B-SLL/B-CLL) | 50 | 39 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) | 113 | 101 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Follicular lymphoma | 88 | 77 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | 25 | 19 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Mantle cell lymphoma | 18 | 15 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Marginal zone lymphoma | 16 | 12 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the testis | 16 | 15 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Burkitt lymphoma | 5 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of soft tissue and bone | Granular cell tumor | 23 | 13 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Leiomyoma | 50 | 49 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Leiomyosarcoma | 94 | 87 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Liposarcoma | 96 | 82 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) | 15 | 13 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Myofibrosarcoma | 26 | 25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Angiosarcoma | 42 | 28 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Angiomyolipoma | 91 | 69 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans | 21 | 11 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ganglioneuroma | 14 | 11 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Kaposi sarcoma | 8 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Neurofibroma | 117 | 84 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Sarcoma, not otherwise specified (NOS) | 74 | 63 | 98.4 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 0.0 | |
| Paraganglioma | 41 | 27 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ewing sarcoma | 23 | 12 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | 7 | 6 | 83.3 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Schwannoma | 122 | 93 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Synovial sarcoma | 12 | 9 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Osteosarcoma | 19 | 10 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Chondrosarcoma | 15 | 8 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Rhabdoid tumor | 5 | 5 | 60.0 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | |
| Solitary fibrous tumor | 17 | 17 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |