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. 2024 Nov 10;16(11):e73405. doi: 10.7759/cureus.73405

Table 4. Univariate analysis of the APSQ III domain with respect to the year level.

APSQ III: Attitude to Patient Safety Questionnaire III.

*Independent samples t-test was used for domains following normality. The mean score with standard deviation is given for these variables.

For the remaining domains, the Mann-Whitney U test for association was done, and the median score with difference of interquartile range is presented for these variables.

Domain Interns Final-year MBBS students p-value
Patient safety training received 5 (1.5) 5 (1.84) 0.456
Error reporting confidence* 5.12 ± 1.52 5.26 ± 1.20 0.577
Working hours as the cause of errors 7 (0.34) 6.33 (1.67) 0
Error inevitability 6.66 (1.34) 6.33 (1.67) 0.307
Professional incompetence as the cause of errors* 4.40 ± 1.28 4.45 ± 1.01 0.785
Disclosure responsibility* 4.58 ± 1.13 4.68 ± 1.23 0.598
Team functioning 6.5 (1.5) 6.5 (1.5) 0.711
Patient involvement in reducing errors 6 (2) 5.75 (1.5) 0.404
Importance of patient safety in the curriculum 5.33 (1.34) 5 (1) 0.615