| Sewage sludge and coal gangue |
A mixture and blending method, verified using a tall fescue pot experiment |
Sludge and coal gangue can significantly increase the clay percentage in the substrate, which is beneficial for water and nutrient retention29
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| Sewage sludge and coal gangue |
Modification of sludge and coal gangue composite substrates using ZnCl2 and hydrochloric acid |
The composite activated carbon prepared from sludge and coal gangue exhibits a well-developed porous surface structure and an increased variety of functional groups, which enrich the dominant bacterial species30
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| Sewage sludge and coal gangue |
Mixture blending and leaching pot experiment |
It can effectively immobilize heavy metal elements in coal gangue, reducing the leaching of heavy metal content from coal gangue31
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| Sewage sludge, coal gangue and soil |
Pot experiment with sewage sludge, coal gangue and mixed soil substrates |
The plant–soil system can gradually reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the growth medium32
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| Sewage sludge, coal gangue, fly ash and soil |
A pot experiment was conducted by mixing sludge, coal gangue, and fly ash into the soil |
This is beneficial for plant growth, and the level of heavy metal contamination in the composite substrate remains the same33
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| Sewage sludge, coal gangue and soil |
A pot experiment was conducted by mixing differently treated sludge and coal gangue into the soil |
This can promote the growth of the underground parts of certain plants34
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| Sewage sludge, coal gangue, fly ash and soil |
A pot experiment was conducted by mixing sludge, coal gangue, and fly ash into the soil |
The nutrient composition of the soil has been improved35
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| Sewage sludge, coal gangue, fly ash and soil |
A terraced experiment was conducted by mixing sludge, coal gangue, and fly ash into the soil |
Increases the fertility of the soil in coal gangue hill reclamation36
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