Figure 5.

Whorl metrics to quantify nerve patterns in human IVCM images, with typical results for (A) a regular whorl, (B) an irregular whorl, (C) a poor whorl shape, (D) no whorl visible, and (E) a high nerve-density, non-rotational web pattern. Segmented nerves (magenta) with manually identified whorl convergence points (green circles). Perpendicular traces (white) with trace endpoints (yellow stars). The endpoints diagram reports the number of endpoints at each image location from which the whorl area and standard deviation were calculated. The stepping out from the center operation follows all traces for five patches starting from the center and is compared to an ideal isotropic step-out to calculate the spiral fill score and the spiral isotropic score.