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. 2023 Jun 17;52(3):762–788. doi: 10.1007/s11747-023-00952-4

Table 7.

Two-stage least square regressions for sales, accounting, and HR managers including combined instrumental variables

Sales Managers Accounting Managers HR Managers Sales and Accounting Sales and Accounting Sales and Accounting Sales and HR Sales and HR Sales and HR
Variable Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5 Model 6 Model 7 Model 8 Model 9
Industry Experience

0.011***

(0.001)

0.008***

(0.002)

0.024***

(0.003)

0.012***

(0.001)

0.010***

(0.001)

0.010***

(0.001)

0.022***

(0.003)

0.020***

(0.003)

0.020***

(0.003)

Industry Experience2

-0.002***

(2.0E-4)

-0.001***

(3.1E-4)

-0.001***

(1.6E-4)

-0.002***

(2.0E-4)

-0.002***

(2.0E-4)

-0.002***

(2.0E-4)

-0.002***

(1.9E-4)

-0.002***

(1.8E-4)

-0.002*** (1.8E-4)
Firm Experience

0.018***

(0.001)

0.001

(0.002)

-0.006

(0.003)

0.003*

(0.001)

0.005***

(0.001)

0.002*

(0.001)

0.002*

(0.001)

0.003*

(0.001)

0.002*

(0.001)

Firm. Experience2

-0.004***

(2.3E-4)

-0.001

(3.8E-4)

-1.0E-4

(1.7E-4)

-0.001***

(2.4E-4)

-0.001***

(2.5E-4)

-0.001**

(2.4E-4)

-1.0E-4

(2.4E-4)

-1.0E-4

(2.4E-4)

-1.0E-4

(2.4E-4)

Occupation Experience

0.037***

(0.001)

0.039***

(0.002)

0.023***

(0.003)

0.034***

(0.0013)

0.034***

(0.001)

0.035***

(0.001)

0.027***

(0.002)

0.027***

(0.002)

0.028**

(0.002)

Occupation Experience2

-0.003***

(3.8E-4)

-0.004***

(0.001)

-0.001***

(2.0E-4)

-0.003***

(4.2E-4)

-0.003***

(4.2E-4)

-0.003***

(4.2E-4)

-0.002***

(2.6E-4)

-0.002***

(2.6E-4)

-0.002***

(2.1E-4)

S.M.1 × Industry Experience

0.010***

(0.001)

-0.012***

(0.001)

S.M. x Industry Experience2

-4.4E-4

(3.1E-4)

0.001

(0.001)

S.M. x Firm Experience

0.011***

(0.001)

0.014***

(0.001)

S.M. x Firm. Experience2

-5.4E-4

(3.4E-4)

-0.001**

(4.0E-4)

S.M. x Occupation Experience

4.7E-4

(0.002)

0.015***

(0.001)

S.M. x Occupation Experience2

0.001

(0.001)

-0.001***

(2.5E-4)

S.M

-0.064***

(0.008)

-0.068***

(0.008)

-0.062***

(0.009)

-0.052***

(0.007)

-0.055***

(0.008)

-0.051***

(0.007)

All Control Variables Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Number of Observation 21,994 19,182 45,396 41,176 41,176 41,176 67,390 67,390 67,390
Number of Employees 5,299 4,562 11,081 9,861 9,861 9,861 16,380 16,380 16,380
Kleibergen-Paap Wald rk F 748 745 1,619 1,244 1,168 808 1,769 1,769 1,769
R2 0.655 0.591 0.611 0.619 0.617 0.610 0.628 0.628 0.628

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; The dependent variable is the log total net compensation; Heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation robust (HAC) estimation standard errors adjusted for clustering at the firm level are reported in parentheses. 1 S.M. stands for Sales Managers