TABLE 2.
Clinicopathological features of each enhancement pattern on the hepatobiliary phase of EOB-MRI
| n (%) or median | p | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HBP-Homo n = 21 | HBP-Hetero n = 38 | HBP-Hypo n = 145 | Homo vs. Hetero | Homo vs. Hypo | Hetero vs. Hypo | |
| Age (y) | 74 (68–76) | 72 (68–74) | 71 (65–77) | 0.451 | 0.299 | 0.565 |
| Sex | 0.449 | 0.743 | 0.499 | |||
| Male | 16 (76) | 32 (84) | 115 (79) | |||
| Female | 5 (24) | 6 (16) | 30 (21) | |||
| Etiology | 0.572 | 0.530 | 0.061 | |||
| Hepatitis B | 6 (29) | 7 (18) | 33 (23) | |||
| Hepatitis C | 4 (19) | 6 (16) | 46 (32) | |||
| Hepatitis B and C | 0 | 0 | 4 (3) | |||
| Others | 11 (52) | 25 (66) | 62 (43) | |||
| AFP, ng/mL | 0.096 | 0.272 | 0.219 | |||
| >300 | 1 (5) | 8 (21) | 19 (13) | |||
| ≤300 | 20 (95) | 30 (79) | 126 (87) | |||
| PIVKA-II, ng/mL | 0.155 | 0.237 | 0.550 | |||
| >400 | 4 (19) | 14 (37) | 8 (6) | |||
| ≤400 | 17 (81) | 24 (63) | 137 (94) | |||
| Tumor size, mm | 0.099 | 0.793 | 0.016* | |||
| >50 | 3 (14) | 13 (34) | 24 (17) | |||
| ≤50 | 18 (86) | 25 (66) | 121 (83) | |||
| Differentiation | 0.176 | 0.044 | 0.055 | |||
| Well | 6 (29) | 4 (11) | 16 (11) | |||
| Moderately | 14 (66) | 33 (87) | 103 (71) | |||
| Poorly | 1 (5) | 1 (3) | 26 (18) | |||
| Microvascular invasion | 0.024 | 0.077 | 0.271 | |||
| Positive | 8 (38) | 26 (68) | 85 (59) | |||
| Negative | 13 (62) | 12 (32) | 60 (41) | |||
| Intrahepatic metastasis | 0.878 | 0.369 | 0.166 | |||
| Positive | 3 (14) | 6 (16) | 12 (8) | |||
| Negative | 18 (86) | 32 (84) | 133 (92) | |||
| VETC | 0.011* | 0.071 | 0.099 | |||
| Positive | 1 (5) | 13 (34) | 31 (21) | |||
| Negative | 20 (95) | 25 (66) | 114 (79) | |||
| Macrotrabecular massive | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 1 (5) | 2 (5) | 6 (4) | |||
| No | 20 (95) | 36 (95) | 139 (96) | |||
| β-Catenin | 0.205 | 0.736 | 0.009* | |||
| Nuclear positive | 3 (14) | 11 (29) | 17 (12) | |||
| Not nuclear positive | 18 (86) | 27 (71) | 128 (88) | |||
| GS | 0.076 | 0.272 | 0.000072*** | |||
| Diffuse positive | 5 (24) | 18 (47) | 21 (14) | |||
| Not diffuse positive | 16 (76) | 20 (53) | 124 (86) | |||
| WNT/β-catenin activation | 0.296 | 0.098 | 0.00044** | |||
| Positive | 7 (33) | 18 (47) | 26 (18) | |||
| Negative | 14 (67) | 20 (53) | 119 (82) | |||
| CK19 | 0.933 | 0.575 | 0.534 | |||
| Positive | 1 (5) | 2 (5) | 12 (8) | |||
| Negative | 20 (95) | 36 (95) | 133 (92) | |||
| Ki-67 | 0.096 | 0.029 | 0.501 | |||
| Labeling index >30% | 1 (5) | 6 (16) | 38 (26) | |||
| Labeling index ≤30% | 20 (95) | 32 (84) | 107 (74) | |||
| METAVIR-F | 0.155 | 0.110 | 0.921 | |||
| 0–2 | 9 | 14 (38) | 87 (61) | |||
| 3–4 | 12 | 23 (62) | 55 (39) | |||
| Not assessable | 0 | 1 | 3 | |||
*
p < 0.017.
**
p < 0.0033.
***
p < 0.00033 (χ2 test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction).
Abbreviations: CK19, cytokeratin 19; GS, glutamine synthetase; HBP, hepatobiliary phase; Hetero, heterogeneously hyperintense/isointense; Homo, homogeneously hyperintense/isointense; Hypo, hypointense; METAVIR-F, fibrosis score; VETC, vessels encapsulating tumor clusters.