Table 3.
Comparison of de novo PD with postural instability and gait (PIGD) subtype vs de novo PD with non-PIGD subtype
| De novo PIGD PD N = 10 |
De novo non-PIGD PD N = 37 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69 (5.0; 64–78) | 66 (11.7; 45–83)d | 0.582d |
| Female gender | 4 (40) | 14 (38) | 0.999c |
| Disease severity (HY)a | III (II–III; II–III) | II (II–II; I–III) | 0.001e |
| Cognition (MOCA)b | 24.5 (23–27; 21–29) | 26 (24–28; 17–30) | 0.487e |
| Executive function (FAB)b | 14.5 (11–17; 9–17) | 16 (15–17; 3–18) | 0.241e |
| Motor symptoms (UPDRS)a | 26 (21–34; 13–42) | 18 (14–25; 8–53) | 0.049e |
| Reactive balance (NRT)a | 2 (0–2; 0–2) | 0 (0–0; 0–2) | < 0.001e |
| Dynamic balance (TG)a | 3 (1–3; 0–3) | 0 (0–1; 0–3) | 0.003e |
| Mobility (TUG), sa | 10.8 (10.3–12.0; 7.3–15.0) | 8.9 (7.6–10.5; 6.4–19.1) | 0.013e |
| Dual tasking difficulties | 4 (44) n=9 | 9 (26) n=35 | 0.272c |
| CGS (10MWT), m/sb | 1.0 (0.9–1.0; 0.6–1.1) | 1.2 (0.9–1.4; 0.5–1.6) | 0.009e |
| FGS (10MWT), m/sb | 1.3 (1.3–1.6; 0.8–1.7) | 1.7 (1.4–2.1; 0.7–3.1) | 0.020e |
| FOG (FOGQsa item 3)a | 0 (0–4; 0–4) | 0 (0–0; 0–2) | 0.002e |
| Walking ability (Walk12G)a | 17.5 (13–20; 8–30) | 4 (1–12; 0–33) | < 0.001e |
| Number of individuals with one or more prospective falls | 2 (20) | 2 (5) | 0.142c |
| Number of individuals with one or more prospective near falls | 1 (10) | 3 (8) | 0.849c |
Values are mean (SD; min–max), median (q1–q3; min–max) or n (%). Significant p-values are indicated in bold
CGS comfortable gait speed, FAB frontal assessment battery, FGS Fast Gait speed, FOGQsa Freezing of Gait Questionnaire self-administered version, H&Y Hoehn and Yahr stage, MOCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, NRT Nutt Retropulsion Test, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, 10MWT 10-Meter Walk Test, m/s meters per second, TG Tandem Gait, TUG Timed Up and Go, Walk–12G 12-item generic walking scale
aHigher = worse
bHigher = better
cChi–test
dStudent's T test
eMann–Whitney U test