Table 1.
CEA immunostaining in human tumors. Abbreviations: int. = number of interpretable samples, neg. = negative, mod. = moderate, str. = strong.
| CEA Immunostaining Result | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor Entity | On TMA (n) | Int. (n) | Neg. (%) |
Weak (%) | Mod. (%) | Str. (%) | |
| Tumors of the skin | Pilomatricoma | 35 | 23 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Basal cell carcinoma of the skin | 88 | 80 | 96.3 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Benign nevus | 29 | 29 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin | 90 | 90 | 65.6 | 31.1 | 2.2 | 1.1 | |
| Malignant melanoma | 46 | 43 | 86.0 | 9.3 | 4.7 | 0.0 | |
| Merkel cell carcinoma | 46 | 42 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the head and neck | Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx | 109 | 103 | 46.6 | 30.1 | 7.8 | 15.5 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx | 60 | 58 | 60.3 | 22.4 | 5.2 | 12.1 | |
| Oral squamous cell carcinoma (floor of the mouth) | 130 | 126 | 69.8 | 17.5 | 7.1 | 5.6 | |
| Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland | 50 | 39 | 82.1 | 15.4 | 2.6 | 0.0 | |
| Warthin tumor of the parotid gland | 49 | 49 | 91.8 | 8.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Basal cell adenoma of the salivary gland | 15 | 15 | 93.3 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the lung, pleura, and thymus | Adenocarcinoma of the lung | 196 | 179 | 26.3 | 19.6 | 8.9 | 45.3 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung | 80 | 71 | 46.5 | 28.2 | 5.6 | 19.7 | |
| Small-cell carcinoma of the lung | 16 | 14 | 35.7 | 0.0 | 7.1 | 57.1 | |
| Mesothelioma, epithelioid | 39 | 28 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Mesothelioma, biphasic | 76 | 62 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Thymoma | 29 | 28 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Lung, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 19 | 18 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the female genital tract | Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina | 78 | 71 | 57.7 | 25.4 | 9.9 | 7.0 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva | 130 | 119 | 60.5 | 30.3 | 2.5 | 6.7 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix | 129 | 123 | 30.9 | 23.6 | 13.8 | 31.7 | |
| Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma | 236 | 227 | 80.6 | 18.1 | 0.4 | 0.9 | |
| Endometrial serous carcinoma | 82 | 68 | 82.4 | 17.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Carcinosarcoma of the uterus | 48 | 46 | 91.3 | 4.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | |
| Endometrial carcinoma, high grade, G3 | 13 | 13 | 92.3 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Endometrial clear cell carcinoma | 8 | 8 | 87.5 | 12.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary | 110 | 95 | 76.8 | 15.8 | 2.1 | 5.3 | |
| Serous carcinoma of the ovary | 559 | 499 | 98.0 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Mucinous carcinoma of the ovary | 96 | 84 | 20.2 | 28.6 | 17.9 | 33.3 | |
| Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary | 50 | 43 | 93.0 | 4.7 | 0.0 | 2.3 | |
| Carcinosarcoma of the ovary | 47 | 44 | 95.5 | 4.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Brenner tumor | 9 | 9 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the breast | Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type | 1345 | 1042 | 72.2 | 13.1 | 5.4 | 9.4 |
| Lobular carcinoma of the breast | 293 | 193 | 79.3 | 8.8 | 5.7 | 6.2 | |
| Medullary carcinoma of the breast | 26 | 19 | 94.7 | 5.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tubular carcinoma of the breast | 27 | 19 | 89.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.5 | |
| Mucinous carcinoma of the breast | 58 | 44 | 56.8 | 11.4 | 6.8 | 25.0 | |
| Phyllodes tumor of the breast | 50 | 43 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the digestive system | Adenomatous polyp, low-grade dysplasia | 50 | 50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 92.0 |
| Adenomatous polyp, high-grade dysplasia | 50 | 47 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.5 | 91.5 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the colon | 1882 | 1773 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 93.3 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, diffuse type | 176 | 149 | 32.2 | 12.1 | 8.1 | 47.7 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, intestinal type | 174 | 161 | 25.5 | 15.5 | 14.9 | 44.1 | |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma, mixed type | 62 | 54 | 38.9 | 13.0 | 9.3 | 38.9 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus | 83 | 79 | 29.1 | 16.5 | 6.3 | 48.1 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus | 76 | 69 | 65.2 | 14.5 | 10.1 | 10.1 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal | 89 | 80 | 52.5 | 23.8 | 3.8 | 20.0 | |
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 113 | 107 | 72.9 | 12.1 | 6.5 | 8.4 | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 50 | 50 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas | 612 | 553 | 19.7 | 20.3 | 10.8 | 49.2 | |
| Pancreatic/Ampullary adenocarcinoma | 89 | 81 | 22.2 | 18.5 | 11.1 | 48.1 | |
| Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas | 16 | 15 | 80.0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | |
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) | 50 | 46 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Appendix, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 22 | 15 | 80.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 13.3 | |
| Colorectal, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 12 | 12 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ileum, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 49 | 45 | 97.8 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Pancreas, neuroendocrine tumor (NET) | 97 | 89 | 91.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 4.5 | |
| Colorectal, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 12 | 10 | 70.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 20.0 | |
| Gallbladder, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 4 | 4 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Pancreas, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) | 14 | 14 | 92.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.1 | |
| Tumors of the urinary system | Non-invasive papillary urothelial ca., pTa G2 low grade | 177 | 141 | 94.3 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 |
| Non-invasive papillary urothelial ca., pTa G2 high grade | 141 | 116 | 75.0 | 20.7 | 0.9 | 3.4 | |
| Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, pTa G3 | 187 | 116 | 66.4 | 26.7 | 3.4 | 3.4 | |
| Urothelial carcinoma, pT2-4 G3 | 1206 | 835 | 70.1 | 19.2 | 4.7 | 6.1 | |
| Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder | 20 | 18 | 61.1 | 16.7 | 5.6 | 16.7 | |
| Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma | 25 | 21 | 85.7 | 9.5 | 0.0 | 4.8 | |
| Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | 857 | 835 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Papillary renal cell carcinoma | 255 | 242 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Clear cell (tubulo) papillary renal cell carcinoma | 21 | 21 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma | 131 | 127 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Oncocytoma of the kidney | 177 | 165 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of the male genital organs | Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 3 + 3 | 83 | 83 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 4 + 4 | 80 | 78 | 91.0 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Gleason 5 + 5 | 85 | 85 | 98.8 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate (recurrence) | 258 | 248 | 87.9 | 10.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |
| Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate | 19 | 16 | 50.0 | 18.8 | 6.3 | 25.0 | |
| Seminoma | 621 | 613 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Embryonal carcinoma of the testis | 50 | 44 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Yolk sac tumor | 50 | 37 | 94.6 | 5.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Teratoma | 50 | 45 | 88.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 2.2 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis | 80 | 76 | 67.1 | 19.7 | 7.9 | 5.3 | |
| Tumors of endocrine organs | Adenoma of the thyroid gland | 113 | 107 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma | 391 | 384 | 99.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Follicular thyroid carcinoma | 154 | 152 | 98.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | |
| Medullary thyroid carcinoma | 111 | 107 | 3.7 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 91.6 | |
| Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma | 45 | 42 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Adrenal cortical adenoma | 50 | 45 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Adrenal cortical carcinoma | 26 | 25 | 96.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 | |
| Pheochromocytoma | 50 | 49 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of hematopoetic and lymphoid tissues | Hodgkin lymphoma | 103 | 98 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Small lymphocytic lymphoma, B-cell type (B-SLL/B-CLL) | 50 | 50 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) | 113 | 113 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Follicular lymphoma | 88 | 88 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 25 | 25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Mantle cell lymphoma | 18 | 18 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Marginal zone lymphoma | 16 | 16 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the testis | 16 | 16 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Burkitt lymphoma | 5 | 3 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Tumors of soft tissue and bone | Tenosynovial giant cell tumor | 45 | 44 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Granular cell tumor | 53 | 45 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Leiomyoma | 50 | 49 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Leiomyosarcoma | 87 | 87 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Liposarcoma | 132 | 123 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) | 13 | 13 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Myofibrosarcoma | 26 | 26 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Angiosarcoma | 73 | 68 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Angiomyolipoma | 91 | 89 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans | 21 | 18 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ganglioneuroma | 14 | 14 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Kaposi sarcoma | 8 | 5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Neurofibroma | 117 | 114 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Sarcoma, not otherwise specified (NOS) | 74 | 71 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Paraganglioma | 41 | 41 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ewing sarcoma | 23 | 16 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | 6 | 6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Schwannoma | 121 | 118 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Synovial sarcoma | 12 | 11 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Osteosarcoma | 43 | 37 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Chondrosarcoma | 38 | 21 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |