Table 2.
Occurrence of carbonyl compounds in adult formula.
| Adult | Malondialdehyde | Formaldehyde | Acetaldehyde | Acrolein | Methylglyoxal | Diacetyl | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formula | μg/mL | ±SD | μg/mL | ±SD | μg/mL | ±SD | μg/mL | ±SD | μg/mL | ±SD | μg/mL | ±SD |
| HP1 | 2.38 | 0.39 | 2.86 | 0.90 | 2.16 | 0.31 | 2.29 | 0.73 | 1.50 | 0.28 | ND | - |
| HP2 | 0.98 | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.03 | 1.90 | 0.12 | 0.24 | 0.00 | ND | - | ND | - |
| HP3 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| HP4 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 1.20 | 0.50 | 1.08 | 0.67 | 2.39 | 0.94 | 1.89 | 0.77 | 2.84 | 0.98 |
| HP5 | 2.89 | 0.56 | 2.60 | 0.70 | ND | - | 2.80 | 0.17 | 0.61 | 0.08 | ND | - |
| SAF1 | 2.65 | 0.82 | 0.90 | 0.11 | 1.63 | 0.45 | 1.27 | 0.70 | 1.65 | 0.77 | ND | - |
| SAF2 | 1.73 | 0.54 | 1.56 | 0.31 | 2.91 | 0.23 | 1.43 | 0.35 | 2.69 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 0.27 |
| SAF3 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| SAF4 | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - | ND | - |
| SP1 | 2.09 | 0.75 | 1.65 | 0.75 | 1.16 | 0.24 | 2.49 | 0.76 | 2.02 | 0.52 | 2.11 | 0.49 |
| SP2 | 2.00 | 0.80 | 1.48 | 0.51 | 0.82 | 0.53 | 1.89 | 0.42 | 2.46 | 0.93 | 1.67 | 0.96 |
| SP3 | ND | - | 2.39 | 0.31 | 0.79 | 0.24 | 2.53 | 0.56 | 1.16 | 0.14 | 1.88 | 0.30 |
SD, standard deviation; HP, high-protein adult formula; SAF, standard adult formula; SP, special formulated adult formula; ND, non-determined as below limit of quantification.