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. 2024 Nov 28;16(23):3996. doi: 10.3390/cancers16233996

Figure 1.

Figure 1

(a) Quiescent tumor cells can re-enter the cell cycle under favorable conditions. Reactivation can occur due to the activation of signaling pathways such as cGAS-STING, FAK, ERK, MLCK, YAP, and TGF-β, as well as neutrophil-mediated actions. (b) Senescent cells are generally unable to re-enter the cell cycle, as their arrest is irreversible. (c) Tumor cells with senescent features—either senescent-like tumor cells or senescent tumor cells—can facilitate tumor progression through various mechanisms. Senescent-like tumor cells may re-enter the cell cycle under appropriate conditions. In contrast, senescent tumor cells can promote local invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), or extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling by secreting SASP. Additionally, senescent tumor cells can acquire stemness and, in some cases, exhibit self-renewal activity. Created in BioRender. Im, S. (2024) https://BioRender.com/p43d923 (accessed on 28 November 2024).