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. 2024 Dec 5;13(23):2005. doi: 10.3390/cells13232005

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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WISP1 increases CCL2 and IL6 in primary fibroblasts. Stimulation with WISP1 (1000 nM) for 24 h significantly increases CCL2 and IL6 gene expression in (A) NHLF, (B) DHLF, and (C) NHDF as compared to control. TGFβ (1 ng/mL) for 24 h served as a positive control and significantly increases COL1A1, COL3A1, IL6, ACTA2, FN1, and WISP1 versus vehicle control. (D) Stimulation with increasing WISP1 concentrations for 24 h initiates concentration-dependent increase in CCL2 and IL6 protein levels, detected via ELISA in the cell-supernatant of NHDF. Each experiment performed in duplicates with three biological replicates (n = 3) and represented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc analysis vs. vehicle control for respective donors. * denotes p < 0.5, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.001, **** denotes p < 0.0001 versus the vehicle control, as shown.

WISP1 increases CCL2 and IL6 in primary fibroblasts. Stimulation with WISP1 (1000 nM) for 24 h significantly increases CCL2 and IL6 gene expression in (A) NHLF, (B) DHLF, and (C) NHDF as compared to control. TGFβ (1 ng/mL) for 24 h served as a positive control and significantly increases COL1A1, COL3A1, IL6, ACTA2, FN1, and WISP1 versus vehicle control. (D) Stimulation with increasing WISP1 concentrations for 24 h initiates concentration-dependent increase in CCL2 and IL6 protein levels, detected via ELISA in the cell-supernatant of NHDF. Each experiment performed in duplicates with three biological replicates (n = 3) and represented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc analysis vs. vehicle control for respective donors. * denotes p < 0.5, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.001, **** denotes p < 0.0001 versus the vehicle control, as shown.