Table 4.

Effect of dietary carotenoid supplementation on serum biochemical indices in laying hens.

Items	BDG	CDG	p Value
Albumin–globulin ratio (A/G)	0.687 ± 0.038	0.583 ± 0.04	1.000
Globulin (GLOB) (g/L)	30.300 ± 4.723	40.233 ± 2.200	0.311
Amylase (AMY) (U/L)	328.667 ± 39.716	294.667 ± 42.736	0.593
Total bilirubin (TB) (umol/L)	4.867 ± 0.577	11.500 ± 1.411	0.035
Glucose (GLU) (mmol/L)	9.190 ± 1.249	10.933 ± 0.793	0.482
Albumin (ALB) (g/L)	20.767 ± 1.400	23.400 ± 1.464	0.967
Total protein (TP) (g/L)	51.033 ± 5.950	63.667 ± 3.288	0.517
Urea nitrogen (BUN) (mmol/L)	1.163 ± 0.035	1.167 ± 0.069	0.775
Creatine kinase (CK) (U/L)	1348.667 ± 206.986	1428.000 ± 143.123	0.950
Inorganic phosphorus (mmol/L)	3.155 ± 1.824	2.673 ± 0.032	0.004
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (U/L)	175.333 ± 4.509	189.667 ± 26.764	0.028

Note: Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (SE), and p values represent statistical comparison between the BDG and CDG groups.