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. 2024 Nov 24;25(23):12606. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312606

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The key targets and pathways of TGGR in the prevention and treatment of depression and the preliminary validation of this target and pathway of action, analyzed with a combination of network pharmacology and transcriptomics. (A) Cross-targets of TGGR and depression in network pharmacology and cross-targets of transcriptomic differential genes. (B) Cross-target GO enrichment analysis. (C) The top 10 KEGG enrichment pathways for cross-targets. (D,E) Expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in mouse hippocampus (immunohistochemical staining). (F) Western blot analysis of AMPK, SIRT1, and PGC-1α in the hippocampus of mice in each group. Protein expression was normalized to β-actin for quantitative analysis, and its value expressed as an average (G). Normalization of the data to β-actin. Values are expressed as average ± SD. ** p < 0.01 was significantly different from the control group, and ^# p < 0.05 and ^## p < 0.01 were significantly different from model group.