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. 2024 Nov 28;25(23):12794. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312794

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of EVs on phagocytic activity of J774.1 cells. (A) Flow cytograms of J774.1 cells containing PKH26-EVs and/or FITC-MBs. PKH26, Ex: 551 nm, Em: 567 nm; FITC, Ex: 498 nm, Em: 517 nm. Plot colors: violet in P1, red in P2, blue in P3, green in P4. (B) Phagocytic activity, mean ± SD for n = 3. (C) Uptake of MBs by J774.1 single cells analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. Red arrows indicate MBs. (D) Number of MBs taken up per cell. °: outliers. PBS: n = 377, mean = 1.81, median = 1. colon26EVs: n = 367, mean = 1.65, median = 1. Nanog⁺colon26EVs: n = 420, mean = 2.19, median = 2. *: p < 0.05; ***: p < 0.001. (E) Expression of macrophage marker (CD80) determined by qPCR; mean ± SD for n = 3. ***: p < 0.001. (F) Expression of macrophage marker (CD163) determined by qPCR; mean ± SD for n = 3.

Effects of EVs on phagocytic activity of J774.1 cells. (A) Flow cytograms of J774.1 cells containing PKH26-EVs and/or FITC-MBs. PKH26, Ex: 551 nm, Em: 567 nm; FITC, Ex: 498 nm, Em: 517 nm. Plot colors: violet in P1, red in P2, blue in P3, green in P4. (B) Phagocytic activity, mean ± SD for n = 3. (C) Uptake of MBs by J774.1 single cells analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. Red arrows indicate MBs. (D) Number of MBs taken up per cell. °: outliers. PBS: n = 377, mean = 1.81, median = 1. colon26EVs: n = 367, mean = 1.65, median = 1. Nanog⁺colon26EVs: n = 420, mean = 2.19, median = 2. *: p < 0.05; ***: p < 0.001. (E) Expression of macrophage marker (CD80) determined by qPCR; mean ± SD for n = 3. ***: p < 0.001. (F) Expression of macrophage marker (CD163) determined by qPCR; mean ± SD for n = 3.