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. 2024 Nov 26;25(23):12670. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312670

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The changes in urine levels of NGAL, NGF, IL-8, and TNF-α from the baseline to different time points (1 week, 1 month, and 3 months) in the 40 patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection and comparison with the baseline values in controls. * indicates a significant difference with the baseline data. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error.