Table 2.
Baseline urinary cytokine levels of controls and patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection and different baseline urinary leukocyte counts.
| Control (n = 7) |
Total UTI (n = 40) |
WBC ≤ 10/HPF (n = 8) |
WBC > 10/HPF (n = 32) |
p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NGAL | 32.2 ± 46.0 | 340 ± 440 | 46.9 ± 45.34 | 414 ± 464 | <0.001 |
| NGF | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.590 |
| CXCL-1 | 0.95 ± 0.7 | 78.1 ± 190 | 0.63 ± 0.23 | 97.4 ± 208 | 0.222 |
| IL-8 | 5.21 ± 6.57 | 267 ± 1069 | 5.06 ± 5.17 | 332 ± 1190 | 0.583 |
| CXCL-10 | 12.3 ± 23 | 310 ± 960 | 2.84 ± 3.28 | 387 ± 1062 | 0.403 |
| MCP-1 | 149 ± 210 | 209 ± 353 | 41.5 ± 38.8 | 251 ± 384 | 0.262 |
| TNF-α | 1.22 ± 0.14 | 5.86 ± 10.8 | 1.16 ± 0.14 | 7.04 ± 11.9 | 0.182 |
* comparison between patients with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection with baseline WBC ≤ 10/HPF and WBC > 10/HPF and controls. NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NGF: nerve growth factor; CXCL-1: CXC-motif chemokine ligand-1; IL-8: interleukin-8; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; WBC: white blood cell count per high power field; NGAL unit: ng/mL; cytokine unit: pg/mL.