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. 2024 Dec 2;25(23):12962. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312962

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of HCA preconditioning on left ventricular pressure in I/R and HCA+I/R hearts. (A) Typical responses of left ventricular pressure during baseline, ischemia, and reperfusion phases in two groups. Statistical data for LVEDP (B), LVSP (C), LVDP (D), +dp/dt (E), and -dp/dt (F) between I/R and HCA+I/R groups. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 8). * indicates significance vs. sham group (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001). # indicates significance vs. I/R group (# p < 0.05; #### p < 0.0001).